Parodies of Victorian Lifestyle Essay -- Alices Adventures in Wonderl

Parodies of twee Lifestyle in Adventures in Wonderland, Through the Looking Glass and What Alice constitute It is no accident that the grotesque style in literature tends to be prevalent in eras marked by radical change and stress. Such was the Victorian period, within which a whirl of social, economic, and religious change took place . . . (Chang par. 2). This distorted writing can be unquestionably seen in the works of Lewis Carroll, namely his beingness famous pieces, Alices Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking Glass and What Alice Found There (commonly known as Alice in Wonderland and Through the Looking Glass). In several(prenominal) instances throughout the Alice books, Carroll mocks Victorian lifestyle. These parodies can be seen in Victorian growth and self-discovery, inventions, education, nutrition and drugs, and social classes. The Victorian times were that of self-discovery and seeking order in the universe, so naturally it makes sense when Alice is not really sure of who she is. The Caterpillar cannot accept Alices lack of self-awareness when she states that she is unsure of whom she is. Who are you? utter the Caterpillar. This was not an encouraging opening for a conversation. Alice replied, rather shyly, I -- I hardly know, Sir, just at present -- at least I know who I was when I got up this morning, precisely I think I must have been changed several times since then. What do you mean by that? said the Caterpillar, sternly. Explain yourself I cant explain myself, Im afraid, Sir, said Alice, because Im not myself you see (Alice in Wonderland ch. 5). Alice concurs with several different characters in her two trips to wonderland. As Alice learns a gre... ...in Alices Adventures in Wonderland. The Victorian weave (1995) four paragraphs. On-line. Internet. 18 April 2002. addressable http//www.landlow.stg.brown.edu/victorian/carroll/polisner.html Voughon, Wendy. Victorian Class Prejudices in the Alice Books. The Victorian Web (1993) one paragraph. On-line. Internet. 18 April 2002. Available http//www.landlow.stg.brown.edu/victorian/carroll/aiwl2.html Weber, Anya. Food, Drink, and Public Health in the Alice Books. The Victorian Web (1995) four paragraphs. On- line. Internet. 18 April 2002. Available http//www.landlow.stg.brown.edu/victorian/carroll/weber.html Wong, Susan. Class in the Garden of Live Flowers The Victorian Web (1995) four paragraphs. On- line. Internet. 18 April 2002. Available http//www.home.earthlink.net/ifdean/carroll/wong1.html

Characteristics of Becker in the Film M :: Films Movies M Becker Essays

Characteristics of Becker in the Film M The character of Becker in the film M had many childlike qualities, which drew in his victims. These qualities that Becker possessed, he exploited to his own gain. The children immediately gave him their trust because of his ability to relate to them, and he knew that. But I really dont think this was really an alter ego, because he seemed to overhear these traits all the time. Inside he was really a sick man, to kill there has to be something wrong with him, epically to kill small children, and furthermore little girls.Becker knew how to fluid drachm them in. He bought them balloons, and whistled. He bought them fruit, and candy, and openly ate on the street with them. Something that was, against the norm, for grownups to do. He chatted them up, and they even felt comfortable enough to call him uncle. Becker when confronted reverted back to childhood, acting like he didnt know right from wrong. The way he explained it he was li ke a kid in a candy store, the girls were tempting him, and the al maven thing he could do was snatch them up. They preserved his youth.This isnt an uncommon thing to do. Epically with mass murders, they have to make their victims feel comfortable enough to go with them. In the case of John Wayne Gasey, he preformed as a clown and acted like a perfectly nice gentleman when luring his victims. People trusted them, especially their victims, or they never would have been killed in the first place. The element of trust and relating with the prey is apparently crucial in gathering up victims. In the case of Hiltler, he had the whole of Germany under his spell, and that is how no one questioned his tactics. He was a very forceful speaker and people trusted him, and they believed in his ideas for a utopia. If no one trusted his, the war wouldnt have been as devastating and the jews would have left Germany far before they were ever marked as pariahs.Becker had to be trusted or his ploys w ould have never been carried out. He had to be crafty in his manner and nice enough to keep the children calm. So nobody would suspect what his motives were.

The Brady Bunch :: essays research papers

THE BRADY BUNCHThe word sitcom is short for Situation Comedy. A good sitcom story idea places the star (or supporting character) into a spatial relation in need of a resolution, which will cause the character to respond in unexpected, exaggerated, and hugely sidesplitting ways (Rannow, pg. 13). A comedy now eld are different from how they were in the 1960s and 1970s though. Today directors use cozy content and foul language to make people laugh and do not usually have a purpose or point to get across to the hearing with each show. In earlier comedy, such as The Brady Bunch, Director bastard Arnold tried have a lesson learned in each episode while still maintaining a sense of humor, minus the foul language and sexual content. Although the show is not extremely funny to most people it is still a classic show that deserves to be remembered.The Brady Bunch tends to say that our society is dismay in a way. It displays many problems that people deal with on a daily basis and expres ses how they feel they should be fixed. The show tries to get across to the audience that even though there are some people out there that are not right in the head, you yourself still have to be. mike Brady, the father always gives out these lessons. For example when Marcias new boyfriend steals Gregs phony playbook for the football game, Mike tells Greg that in actuality, Greg would win the game by cheating himself, unless he confessed to Marcias boyfriend and told him the truth. After doing so, Greg and his team prevailed as champions of that game. Although The Brady Bunch sends out loving vibes every episode, as the hippies did at that time, it did in fact portray impress violence in one memorable episode. A boy by the name of Billy continuously calls Cindy Baby Talk due to her lisp. One time rotating shaft stands up for her and ends up getting punched in the eye. Mike Brady then teaches Peter how to fight in order to defend himself if the time comes. Sure enough the time cam e and Peter knocks the boys teeth loose and he ends up having a lisp himself. After Cindy calls him Baby Talk though Peter sticks up for Billy and tells her not to tease him because she remembers how bad it entangle to be teased herself.

A Different Kind of Holocaust Essay -- Literary Analysis, Spiegelman

blind Spiegelmans Maus is a renowned comic adjudge that won a Pulitzer Prize. The book was published in two parts, Volume I My Father Bleeds History, in 1986, and Volume II And Here My Troubles Began, in 1991. It was later integrated into one adept volume. The book told Spiegelmans desire to write about his fathers experiences during the Holocaust, as well as the experiences themselves. There had been numbers of Holocaust books over the decades, but Maus is different among all. After version numerous Holocaust books, they become repetitive, because most people are aware of the tragic event. Maus offers not only the tale of the Holocaust, but stories about its victims, and the next contemporaries as well. Its distinction was already displayed through Spiegelmans use of animals for nationalities. This method was perhaps Spiegelmans way to show readers the race hierarchy. Also, this comic book is not of a typical Holocaust story, because it is a legacy of the event. The comic has stories within stories, Vladek Spiegelmans (Arts father), and Arts himself. The comic tells how the Holocaust affected Vladeks life after, and as Vladek told his experiences to Art, it showed how their relationship was affected as well. As Art took in everything his father told him throughout the book, he tried to understand his father. What Art had to make of his father was through the stories during the Holocaust, while he tried to relate to him. completely these notions that the comic has makes it distinctive among all new(prenominal) Holocaust books. Maus has aspects to it that other books about the Holocaust do not include. The strategies Spiegelman used, for example, depictions of nationalities through animals. The woman animals are mice for Jews, and cats... ...ents what happened after the victim told his or her story to the readers. Perhaps that part was more important than the actual circumstance, because of what it did to people. Also, it accounted a relationship betwe en those two generations joined together in raillery of what happened. In this case, it was Vladek and Arts - their relationship was negatively affected by the power of Vladeks then(prenominal). Vladek was unable to move ahead with his life as a result of the trauma he received. His marriage with Mala was also destroyed because of old habits formed by his past. Confused and complicated emotions formed in Art for the overall sense of the book. This work showed how the past ruined the present and potentially the future as well. The stylistic features included in this comic, along with literary themes, created a peculiar book - dissimilar to other Holocaust works.

A Passing Thunderstorm :: essays research papers

A Passing ThunderstormWhen one returns home from work or school, the first thing he wants is serenity. Some factors that crumb affect relaxation are sights, in force(p)s, and feelings. To achieve the most relaxing environment at your home, you must have ideal weather conditions. Different weather can affect these factors. there is not a more relaxing atmosphere than a cozy house while a light thunderstorm passes overhead.An oncoming thunderstorm should visibly change your atmosphere. One can look out the window and see the trees swaying easily in the wind. One should turn off all the lights as to sooth your mavin of sight. The turning off of lights and the blocking of the sun by clouds will both darken your house making the perfect place to go rest or even nap. Some people may choose to light a fire in which case the flames would glow on all the walls.A thunderstorm can produce some soothing sounds as it passes overhead. The light rain tapping at ones window provides a comforti ng pattern for resting. The sound of thunder sounds like volleys of cannons being fired repeatedly in the distance. One knows the fire is hard at work by the crackling of the flames. One can hear the whistling wind sweeping the corners of your house repeatedly.Along with the thunderstorm comes a lower temperature. All one wants to do is bury himself in his bed. The diffused bed provides the most comfort and easiness for your body. The brisk warmth of the fire enwraps the body in comfort. The sounds uniform sounds of the thunderstorm calm your mind. All these feeling feature will bring restfulness upon oneself.

A Passing Thunderstorm :: essays research papers

A Passing ThunderstormWhen one returns home from work or school, the first thing he wants is relaxation. Some factors that can sham relaxation are sights, sounds, and effects. To achieve the most relaxing environment at your home, you must have ideal weather conditions. Different weather can travel these factors. There is not a more relaxing atmosphere than a cozy house while a light electric storm passes overhead.An oncoming thunderstorm should visibly change your atmosphere. maven can look out the window and see the trees swaying easily in the wind. One should turn off all the lights as to sooth your sense of sight. The turning off of lights and the blocking of the sun by clouds will both darken your house making the perfect place to go tolerate or even nap. Some people may choose to light a fire in which case the flames would glow on all the walls.A thunderstorm can produce some soothing sounds as it passes overhead. The light rain tapping at ones window provides a comforti ng intent for resting. The sound of thunder sounds like volleys of cannons being fired repeatedly in the distance. One knows the fire is hard at work by the crackling of the flames. One can hear the whistling wind sweeping the corners of your house repeatedly.Along with the thunderstorm comes a lower temperature. All one wants to do is bury himself in his bed. The soft bed provides the most comfort and easiness for your body. The brisk warmth of the fire enwraps the body in comfort. The sounds uniform sounds of the thunderstorm calm your mind. All these feeling combined will bring restfulness upon oneself.

Term Paper on Interracial Marriages

TABLE OF CONTENTS Ac attendledgement Chapter One The Problem and Its grasp Introduction 2 Statement of the Problem 4 Re consider of Related belles-lettres 5 Significance of the Study 7 place setting and Limitation 9 commentary of Terms 10 Organization of the Study 12 Chapter Two query Design and Methodology look Method 14 interrogation Instrument 14 look into Environment 14 Research Subject 15 Research Procedure 16 Statistical Treatment of the Data 17 Chapter Three Presentation, reading material and stunnedline of Data 18 Chapter Four Summary, deductions and Recommendations Summary 43 Conclusion 45 Recommendations 47 Bibliography 50Appendices Appendix A Letters Appendix B Sample incertitudenaires Appendix C Pictures Appendix D Respondents Directory Introduction Marriage, a legally recognized relationship, established by a civil or religious ceremony, mingled with two hatful who intend to exit together as sexual and domestic partners. The joining together in w edlock of two peck, something which approximated to be and should be considered sacred as strong as wonderful. It is a in which commitment two mint ar bound to one some new(prenominal) and ar obligated to promise to one an other(a) that they love, c be and be loyal to each other through all quantify.A beautiful thingyet sadly some pile do it out of what benefits they might receive from it, may it be money, fame or both other superficial thing in this world. solely in that location atomic number 18 times that these people do it out of need. This brings us to talk about assorted marriages. motley marriages, though in the past had been considered taboo, atomic number 18nt rare sites anymore, may it be in the Filipinos or other parts of the world. However, just beca example now it isnt forbidden by the law (as t here(predicate) was a time when there was a law made against it), it doesnt mean that all of us give the go signal.mixed marriages depart most likely create se veral(a) outcomes. These set up pull up stakes not only contact the family members and friends of the fellows, they can also affect other individuals of the community. They could even affect the whole society especially now these age where there are studies which video display that there has been a rise in the percentage of these marriages. These Philippines went into these marriages for distinct groundss, they could induct done it for love or for the benefits that come with the fellow.Now, the reason the researchers have selected to do this topic is for them to learn what people rattling recover about these marriages and what effects it could perchance bring about the Philippine clubhouse. Hopefully this pick up will be able to divine service the Philippine people understand these interracial duos better and to prepare the Filipino people for what changes may be emotional by these marriages, may they be good or bad. Statement of the Problem The researchers aim t o find out what people work out about interracial marriages and what thinkable effects these marriages could induce to the Philippine society.They also aim to get the Filipino people ready for what alterations interracial marriages could create. While making the theme, the researchers hope to break up the by-line questions o Are interracial marriages still found unusual? o What are the factors that lead to interracial marriages? o How will these marriages affect the Philippine Society? Review of Related Literature In the bill Online, there is an article there entitled Interracial Relationships Are On The Increase In U. S. But Decline With Age, Cornell Study Finds which talks about the increase in number of marriages between different kinds of races through the years. It also has findings that these relationships decline with age because the youngest age support ranked the highest among these relationships and the middle age bracket ranked second magic spell the oldest age br acket ranked last. Despite the fact that these findings were found in the U. S. , it someways gives the researchers an idea of how relationships between different races affected another country. From this article, they could already come up with a possible outcome.In a 2003 correction, once again base in the United States, by Kara Joyner (assistant professor of policy abstract and management at Cornell and co-author of a prove on interracial relationships in a recent issue of the American Sociological Review) it was reported that adolescents in romances with another race were significantly less willing to reveal their relationship to family and c put down friends than those in same-race relationships, suggesting that such relationships still do not receive whole-hearted approval by society. The researchers could try to compare these findings to the results they are about to come across and see the difference.In an article in The Freeman Magazine of October 2002 tells about a re lationship of one Leyte-born Filipina, Theresa Mason nee Estafia, to British national, Chris Mason, which ended in marriage. This is proof that glad endings between two lovers of different races arent impossible. The book, Chinese American In vergearriage, is also a study based on the Chinese American experiences in in the raw York City, focuses on the increase of these relationships, the attraction and the obstacles, of which the most significant is still family objection.This book and the rest of these articles may be helpful to the researchers later on in the study especially when analyzing and interpreting the data. Significance of the Study Interracial relationships, marriages to be specific, arent as rare as they use to be in the Philippines. The researchers have position this study in order to find out what the Filipino peoples opinion on these kinds of marriages are since these marriages were once considered somehow taboo, and how Filipino people think these kinds of marri ages could affect the Philippine society.The researchers hope that by making this study, they could help the following o People who plan to have an interracial marriage They would know what effects they are most probably going to bring about to the Philippine Society and see if they are making the cover decision linking these foreigners. o Couples (interracial) They will know what effects they are bringing about to the Philippine Society. They will also get an insight of what the Filipino people take their (the interracial couples) marriages for. Foreigners (with Filipino partners) They will get an insight of what they are getting themselves into or have gotten themselves into. It will also help them speculate on their relationship, if it really is based on love or money. o Country It will be prepared for the disadvantages these marriages could bring about and know how to handle these possible drawbacks. Scope and Limitation The researchers are to survey one C selected residen ts of Cebu for their term paper.The respondents play a vital role in the making of this term paper because their answers would serve as the key to unfolding this study. The term paper will deal with the opinions of selected Cebu Residents on interracial marriages between a Filipino citizen and a foreigner, and its effects to the Philippine Society. The researchers are given four weeks, more or less, to make this requirement. In creating the term paper, the researchers have allotted an amount of 400 pesos for purpose such as flick copying and other possible needs.The researchers also need to have sources such as the internet, books, newspapers, encyclopedia or any other articles that would be able to help them gain more knowledge on interracial marriages and its possible effects to the Philippine Society by doing so, helping them come up with an effective study. Definition of Terms Benefits money, to move out of the country, escaping a life of hardship/poverty Cebu residents any F ilipino who currently brave outs in the province of Cebu Effects changes which can possibly be doneFilipino citizen/person an individual who was born to Filipino parents and raise in the Philippines Foreigner a person who was born to natives of countries other than the Philippines and raised in a country other than the Philippines Go Signal approval Induce bring about Interracial between a Filipino and a foreigner Interracial Couples a couple composed of a Filipino and a foreigner Interracial Marriage a marriage of a Filipino Citizen to a foreigner Marriage a legal union of two people through a ceremony called a wedding Partner spouse/loverPhilippine Society the people of the Philippines Respondents the people selected to answer the survey Taboo forbidden The Researchers the people who have conducted the study (namely Trysha Bautista, Kimberly Bouffard, Sherry Corominas, Eileen Cueno and Miles Semblante) Organization of the Study This term paper consists of four chap ters. Each chapter contains contents which are vital to the researchers in order to help future readers understand the researchers study further.The first chapter is the Problem and Its Scope it contains the introduction, which more or less is a general summary of what the term paper is all about, the statement of the problem furnishs the aim or objective of the study through general statement questions, and the review of link literature is information/research about previous studies or projects made which are related to the study the researchers have made. The significance of the study states why the study is important, and to whom the study is important to.In the scope and limitation, future readers will know what grounds the researchers can wield and what their certain restrictions are. The definition of harm will help future readers understand the terms the researchers have used in their study and how these words are used. Chapter two, the Research Design and Methodology, co nsists of the research methods, research instrument, and statistical treatment of the data. The research methods describe how the researchers gathered their data to come up with their output.The research instrument tackles about the materials/instruments used to complete the study. The statistical treatment of data covers the numerical information in the study. The third chapter, the Presentation, Interpretation and Analysis of data, like the title itself, is just the researchers presentation, interpretation and analysis of their data. Chapter four is the Summary, Conclusion and Interpretation it consists of the summary which is a sum-up and a review of the whole study, the coda which is the closing statement and the recommendation.Research Method For the study on interracial marriages and its effects to the Philippine society, the researchers used a survey type in order to gain more knowledge on the s guardianship topic. With the use of questionnaires, the researchers are to learn more about what the residents of Cebu think about interracial marriages and how these marriages could affect the Philippine society. Research Instruments The main instrument that the researchers utilized for the purpose of this study was the questionnaire made up of 8 questions.Computers, internet access, encyclopedias, books and some periodicals were also necessary in the making of this term paper. Research Environment The researchers made questionnaires which were distributed to selected Cebu residents lifespan in these following areas Tisa, Banilad, Banawa and Talisay. The researchers chose those areas because those areas of Cebu are most convenient for them, given that they live in the said areas and that the researchers rememberd that the residents in these areas would readily share their opinions on the topic and that they are unresolved to these kinds of relationships.The other half of respondents were randomly selected in Ayala Center Cebu because they had an idea that m ost foreigners were to be found there and they also cherished to know what regular people thought of their topic. Research Subject The researchers asked various respondents to answer the questionnaires they made for their survey. They selected people who they supposed were exposed to interracial marriages or any kind of interracial relationships because they intrust these people could give them the knowledge they require in order for their study to be a success.They also chose ordinary people at the mall because they wanted to get what regular people thought of the topic. They opted to let foreigners answer their questionnaires as well, as to see what these outsiders think about marriages of one of their kind to a Filipino. Research Procedure The researchers had brainstormed on possible topics that they might have for their term paper. They proposed their topics to their Social Studies III teacher and then she approved of the topic on interracial marriages and its effects to the s ociety.After which, they studied on whatever they could on the said topic which would help them formulate questions for their questionnaire. Once they have completed the creation of their questionnaire, they distributed ampere-second copies to various respondents and then collected them when they were completely answered. Then they recorded the data they gathered, made a graph out of it, interpreted and canvas it, and made a conclusion out of it. Statistical Treatment of Data The study needs to be studied with complete accuracy so that their data may be canvas and interpreted correctly.In order to accomplish that, they used this formula %= f/n * one C% f= absolute frequency n=number of respondents/answers Question 1 Do you find it unusual seeing a Filipino together with a foreigner? skirt 1 Respondents Opinion on Filipinos Being unitedly with Foreigners N= 100 Response oftenness piece Yes 25 25% No 75 75% Total 100% Graph 1 pic Interpretation The table and graph abo ve shows that 75 out of 100 or 75% of the respondents do not find it unusual seeing a Filipino together with a foreigner. On the other hand, 25 out of 100 or 25% of the respondents do find it unusual.Analysis The results show that interracial relationships arent considered to be as scarce as they used to be in the past. Therefore, it is somewhat safe to say that interracial marriages arent considered as uncommon as well. It also goes to show that these days the Filipino people are exploring other cultures and they arent scared of criticism since one would easily spot an interracial couple in a public place, such as malls. Question 2 Why do you think they prefer to marry foreigners over fellow countrymen? Table 2Respondents Opinion as to Why Some Filipinos Prefer to Marry Foreigners over Fellow Filipinos N= 141 Response Frequency percentage Because foreigners can stomach a life of 65 46% luxury for these Filipinos Because they want to move out of the 33 23% country They just happen to love them 21 15% Because of Physical appearance 12 9% Other 10 7% Total 100% Graph 2 pic Interpretation The figures above show that 46% think that some Filipinos choose to marry foreigners over fellow Filipinos because recall that these foreigners can provide them with a life of luxury. 23% assume that they do it because they want to move out of the country. There are 15% who feel that these Filipinos just happen to love their foreign partners.There are also 9% who think that these Filipinos chose foreigners over Filipinos because of physical appearance. The last 7% have other reasons. Analysis Life and luxury takes the highest position to why people prefer to marry foreigners over fellow countrymen. This is maybe because of the situation the country is in now. It has also been found out from the research and gathered data that wants are big priori hold fasts with this issue. In this survey, of the gathered data above, these marriages work out well because the couple can find beneficial things and they can make up to the situation. Question 3 What do you think are the most probable reason for their marriages? Table 3 Respondents Opinion for the around Probable Reason for Their Marriages N= 175 Response Frequency Percentage Love 20 11% Money 39 22% Convenience (to live in a good house, live 58 24% a life of luxury) To get out of the country 30 17% To have beautiful offspring 14 8% Others 14 8% Total 100% Graph 3 pic Interpretation The data shows that 11% percent of them think that the reason is because of love. There 22% of them think that it is because of money. 24% is because of the convenience to live in a good house and to have a life of luxury.There are 17% of them who thinks that it is because that the Filipinos could have the chance to get out of the country. There are also 8% of them who thinks that it is because they could have a beautiful offspring. The last 8% have other reasons. Analysis In the data the highest percentage is that of the convenience to live in a good house and to have a life of luxury. The second highest rate of percentage is money. With these two having the highest tallies, it makes a speculation as to what these marriages are really about, because it seems to be based more on money than on love. Question 4 What do you think are the Factors That Make Interracial Marriages uncorrectable? Table 4 Respondents Opinion on What Make Interracial Marriages Difficult N= 118 Response Frequency Percentage Money 22 19% heathen Differences 75 63% Location of residence 19 16% Others 2 2% Total 100% Graph 4 picInterpretation The data shows that there are 19% of them who think that it is because of money. 63% thinks that it is because of the cultural differences. 16% of the data shows that it is because of the location of residents. The last 2% percent have their own personal reasons. Analysis In the data the highest percentage is because of cultural differences. This shows that no matter how much you love each other, there will always be problems, and the problems that occur between these couples are cause by the fact that they were brought up in two different worlds. Question 5 What do you think the foreigners find in their Filipino partners? Table 5 Response Frequency Percentage Love 32 27% Companionship 78 67% Others 7 6% Total 100% Graph 5 pic InterpretationThe data shows that majority, 67% of our respondents think that its companionship that foreigners find in their Filipino partners, 27% thinks that its love, and the remaining 6%, on others. Analysis The data goes to show that majority think that these foreigners find companionship in their Filipino partners. And given the fact that Filipinos are very genial people, it really doesnt seem such a surprise why they would choose Filipinos for companionship. Question 6 Do you think interracial marriages work out well? Table 6 Respondents Opinion on Whether or Not Interracial Ma rriages do Out N= 100 Response Frequency Percentage Yes 63 63% No 36 36% It depends 1 1% Total 100% Graph 6 pic Interpretation The table and graph above show that 63 out of 100 of 63% of the respondents do believe that interracial marriages can work out. On the other hand 36% believe that these marriages will not last and 1% said that it would depend. Analysis This shows that majority think these marriages do work out while a few believe that they dont. A very small minority says that it would just really depend. This gives the impression that maybe these marriages do work out given that majority suppose so as well. Question 6. 1 If YES Table 6. 1Respondents Opinions as to Why Interracial Marriages Work Out Well N= 118 Response Frequency Percentage Love conquers all 19 46% If one finds something in the marriage 95 81% beneficial, he/she will have to adjust to his/her spouse Others 4 3% Total 100% Graph 6. 1 pic Interpretation The graph and table above show that 81% of the 63 who answered that interracial marriages will work out think that these marriages will work out most likely because if one finds something in the marriage beneficial, he/she will have to adjust to his/her spouse. 16% had the idea that love conquers all while 8% had other things in mind. Analysis This shows that most of the respondents think that these Filipinos and foreigners will adjust to their spouses if they find something in their marriage beneficial. A few think that love conquers all while the rest thought otherwise.This goes to show that a lot of people think these marriages are based on convenience rather that love. However despite that, these marriages will work for the reason that if they find something which could be of their advantage in the wedlock, they would just have to be flexible and understand each other. Question 6. 2 If NO Table 6. 1 Respondents Opinions as to Why Interracial Marriages Will Not Work Out Well N= 74 Response Frequency Percentage They were brought up into different world, 29 39% they wouldnt understand each other If the relationship isnt based on love, it42 57% wont last Others 3 4% Total 100% Graph 6. 2 pic Interpretation The data shows that 57% of the respondents who didnt think interracial marriages work out had the idea that if the relationship wasnt based on love in the first place, that relationship wouldnt last.On the other hand, 39% of the respondents said that being brought up into different cultures would be a hindrance to the relationship while 4% though otherwise. Analysis The data shows that majority think that these relationships wouldnt last because they werent based on love whilst another minority thinks differently. If related to the previous analyses, this gives the impression that maybe these marriages arent really based on love after all. Question 7 How do you think these marriages would affect the Philippine society? Table 7 Respondents Opinions as to How Interracial Marr iages Would Affect the Philippine Society N= 108 Response Frequency Percentage It will make us lose our identities as 30 28% Filipinos The Filipino people will be branded as 50 46% Gold Diggers Others 28 26% 100% Graph 7 pic Interpretation The figures above show that out of the 3 given choices for possible effects interracial marriages would bring about, majority think that the Filipino people will be branded as Gold Diggers with a frequency of 50 over 108 or 46%. The idea that Filipinos would lose their identities follows with the frequency of 30 over 108 or 28%. The remaining 26% fall under the category others. AnalysisThe table and graph above show that most people think that these marriages would make other nations brand us as Gold Diggers while only a few think that wed lose our identities. Another minority also think otherwise. This gives the impression that these marriages are based on money or else they wouldnt think that these marriages would make other nati ons brand us as so. It also gives the impression that Filipinos have a strong sense of character since only a few worry of Filipinos losing their identities. Question 8 All in all do you think these marriages are for the better or worse of the country? Table 8 Respondents Opinion if Interracial Marriages are for the Better or Worse of the Country N= 100 Response Frequency Percentage Better 78 78% Worse 18 18% Neither 4 4% Total 100% Graph8 pic Interpretation From the data above, it can be seen that 78 out of 100 or 78% believe that interracial marriages are for the better of the Philippines. The thought that these marriages are for the worse of the country come in second with a frequency of 18 over 100 or 18%. The remaining 4% think neither. AnalysisThe table and graph above show that most people think that these marriages would actually be good of the Philippines. A few think that they are actually far the worse while another minority thinks neither. This goes to show tha t a lot of people are optimistic about what interracial marriages will bring about to the Philippine society. Summary Interracial marriages have increase as the years have gone by, even though it was once considered a grave taboo. This study has been conducted as to see what the people currently living in the Cebu Province think of these interracial marriages and how it might affect the Philippine society. The researchers have gone through various tasks.Once the researchers have decided on having interracial marriages and their effects to the Philippine society as a topic, they had it approved and started to research on anything they could find on interracial marriages. They made use of different resources such as books, magazines, newspapers and the internet to acquire more knowledge on the topic in order to draw out a problem. They then chose a survey type of research to find the answer to it. They then made the first chapter which contains the introduction, the statement of the problem, the review of related literature, the significance of the study, the scope and limitation, the definition of terms and the organization of the study. Then they have devised a questionnaire which should get the respondents opinion on the topic.After which the researchers determined the method of research they were to use for this term paper, the procedure they would follow, the instruments they would utilize, the purlieu they would cover and the subjects whose opinions they were going to ask of. Once they finished determining the following above, they put what they have settled on into writing. They distributed the questionnaires to the selected and random respondents and later retrieved them. Subsequently they recorded, graphed, interpreted, analyzed and concluded the data. Conclusion After many days and weeks of hard work which needed much patience, perseverance, endurance, sweat and blood, the researchers were able to arrive at certain conclusions which would answer the different objectives stated in the earlier chapter of the study. These days, it isnt very unusual for most people to see a Filipino with a oreigner, because you can see a lot of these people in the malls, indicating that most of these couples are not afraid of exposing their relationships to the public and arent afraid of what people might think of them. Most of the respondents think that a life of luxury is the most probable reason for these interracial marriages and why these Filipinos choose to marry foreigners over their fellow countrymen. In any marriage, there will always be difficulties, but in an interracial one, the most likely reason which bought about their matrimonial problems would be because of their cultural differences, because these people have been brought up in two entirely different worlds.But a lot of people think that even if those interracial couple would position those kinds of dilemmas, their marriages would still work out well since they believe that if on e finds something in the marriage beneficial, he/she would just have to adjust to his/her spouse. However, majority feel that with these kinds of marriages maturation in number in the Philippines, the Filipino people would be branded as gold diggers, but nevertheless, most of the respondents believe that these marriages would be for the better of the country. These marriages are considered to be for the better of the Philippines by most respondents for various reasons. Some say that in a way, it will boost our economy and tourism, that it will lessen the overcrowding here in the Philippines, and that more beautiful Filipinos would be created that way. RecommendationThere are a lot of factors to consider as to why these Filipinos have decided to tie the knot with their lovers from distant lands. Majority think that these Filipinos chose to wed these foreigners because these outsiders are the fastest ticket there is to living a life of luxury. Marriage is no jesting matter, and to m arry an individual who has grown up from an almost completely different lifestyle isnt easy. These marriages will not only affect the families of the spouses, they will affect everybody in a way. The researchers would like to recommend this study to the following o Interracial Couples (married or not) This study will definitely help them make the right decision as to where to take their relationships.With the insight of other people, they might be able to reflect if their liaison will actually take them somewhere. It will aid them in trying to understand each other, especially with the fact that they come from two totally different worlds, helping them adjust to one another so that they might not lose their identities. It might also help them prepare themselves for all possible consequences they might have to face, especially if their relationship is not based on love. o Teenagers Despite the fact that entering an interracial marriage (or any marriage for that matter) should be the farthest things on their minds as of the moment, this study should be able to prepare them for what action they should take before deciding to walk down the aisle.Hopefully, this study would also help them try to improve how other countries view o People who plan to enter an interracial marriage It might make them contemplate on the decisions they are about to make, especially on marrying a foreigner. It should make them aware that by entering these marriages, some people have branded us gold diggers. But more importantly, it should help them contemplate on what they would get themselves in to by getting wed to a foreigner. o Other Researchers With Similar Studies This study will help other researchers with similar studies because it will give them an idea of what to do in their research. It might also serve them as a basis of information. Bibliography Electronic Sources WebsitesAlouise, Nacy John. Interracial Marriages and the Effects on Children. Race, racial discrimination and the Law. 1998. 5 Jan. 2006 . Beaver, Laura. Interracial Relationships A Historical Perspective. Interracial Relationships. 2000. 28 Dec. 2005 . Lang, Susan S. Interracial relationships are on the increase in U. S. , but decline with age, Cornell study finds. Chronicle Online. 2 Nov. 2005. 5 Jan. 2006 . Le, C. n. Interracial Dating & Marriage. Asian-Nation The Landscape of Asian America. 2005. 4 Jan. 2006 . Pramschufer, Megan. Interracial Relationships of the Chinese Americans. Interracial Relationships. 2000. 28 Dec. 2005 . Saia, Stefanie. The Transition to Romantic Relationships Statistics on Interracial Marriage. Interracial Relationships. 2000. 28 Dec. 2005 . Sailer, Steve. Is Love Colorblind? Steve Sailer-Articles & Blog on Human Biodiversity, Genetics, Sports, Race, Gender, Immigration. 14 July 1997. 5 Jan. 2006 . Sailer, Steve. On Interracial Marriage. VDARE. 17 Sept. 2002. 5 Jan. 2006 . Sonnie, Heather. Interracial Relationships with respect to the order System in Ind ia. Interrcial Relationships. 2000. 28 Dec. 2005 . Print Sources Magazines Kintanar, Han. Dreaming of A Happy Ending. The Freeman Magazine Oct. 2002 g+. Books Sung, Betty Lee. Chinese American Intermarriage. New York Center for Migration Studies, 1989.

Problem Statement Scope And Limitation Engineering Essay

In this look ZnO bring down movie give be narcotised with aluminum utilizing sol-gel spin-coating rule. Then the Al-doped ZnO lightly movie ( as seed accelerator ) on a glass substrate will be so lay underside of an align ZnO nanorod crook which was prep atomic number 18d utilizing sonicated sol-gel submerging technique. The nanorod thin movie parametric quantities will be qualifying through its I-V curve features and besides the optic and opthalmic density of aligned ZnO nanorod thin movie.Introduction1.2.1 Background surveyUV detector or bases for UV detector are of import devices that can be utilise in commercial and military applications. The applications are including gas detection, infinite research, high temperature fire sensing, air quality monitoring and many more. UV sensors presently used silicon-based sensors and photomultiplier tubings. These mashs consume dearly-won filters and attenuators. However by replacing those engineerings with broad band-gap semicon ducting materials such as Zn oxide ( ZnO ) throw been suggested 1 . UV light breathing or having devices, solar cells, gas detector and transparent electrodes are some of the Zn oxide applications. Assorted deposition methods such as chemical vapour deposition, sputtering and molecular(a) beam epitaxy were used to manufacture ZnO thin movies. However, these deposition methods are high production cost because required high temperature processing and vacuity engineering 2 .In this paper, the intent of this research is to manufacture UV detector utilizing zinc oxide thin movie and qualify the detector public presentations by its electrical belongingss. what is more, this research is to qualify aluminium doping parsimony and the nanostructure of Zn oxide thin movie. In this research, sol-gel spin surfacing method was used to fix Al doped zinc oxide thin movie and an aligned ZnO nanorod structured thin movies on a glass substrate by the sonicated sol-gel submergence method.1.2.2 L iterature ReviewZnO is an n-type semiconducting material with a rent set spread of 3.42eV and because of the O vacancies and intrinsic defects such as interstitial Zn atoms, the electrical conduction of the movies is big 3 . It is really good stuff for electronic device application due to its broad set spread and big exciton adhering energy of 60meV 4 . The belongingss of ZnO thin movie can be mend by a doping procedure and anneal procedure 3 . There are that focal point on the doping procedure. To improved electrical or visual belongingss of ZnO, ZnO were often doped with group 3, 4 and 5 elements such as Gallium ( Ga ) , Sn and Aluminium ( Al ) 5 . Al doping is most(prenominal) suited because it s inexpensive, abundant and non-toxic stuff and will bring forth Al doped ZnO thin movie with higher optic transmission and let out electric resistance in infrared part 4 .From the diary 6 , radio-frequency ( RF ) reactive magnetron sputtering method was used to lodge Al -doped ZnO on the smooth nucleation side of FSD movies by. The electrical belongingss were discussed. The first negatron concentration increased and following decreased with the addition of Al doping concentration. The maximal bearer concentration succeed when the movie is doped with 2at % Al. Hall mobility is reciprocally relative to the Al doping concentration. The high temperature tempering procedure is use to heighten the Hall mobility of the movies 6 .From the diary 7 , ZnO thin movies with assorted weight per centums of aluminum and the electrical belongingss were discussed utilizing sol-gel dip-coating method. The conduction shows higher response of the doped ZnO thin movies under UV compared with dark post. Both status cogent evidence that the conduction of ZnO is straight relative to doping concentration. The optical set spread energy is besides straight relative with doping concentration. The transmission of ZnO thin movies is almost 75 % when wavelength from 390nm to 850nm.From the diary 8 , at several(predicate) dopant concentration the electrical belongingss of Al-doped ZnO thin movies were discussed utilizing sol-gel method. The ambition first lessening with addition aluminum ion concentration. Then the opposition of doped thin movies increased with increasing dopant concentration and it decreases at higher Al concentration. The transmission of ZnO thin movies is about 80 % when wavelength from 370nm to 850nm.The advantage of Ga is an brilliant dopant for increasing the conduction and this beginning is less reactive and more resistive oxidization. Based on the diary 5 , Ga-doped ZnO nanowires were growing utilizing thermic deposition method. The ZnO nanowires have grown uniformly with high output and mean length of each nanowire is about 1.3um. From the XRD form, it can be deduced that the Ga component doped into the nanowires creates a hold widening. The Ga-doped ZnO nanowires have a greater field-enhancement factor than the undop ed ZnO nanowires 5 .sedimentary resolving procedure with post-growth rapid photothermal processing ( RPP ) was used to fix Sn-doped ZnO nanorods to develop aligned Sn-doped ZnO nanostructure. Aqueous origin method was chosen in readying of metal oxide nanoparticles construction due to its cost and environment friendly. Rapid photothermal processing ( RPP ) as an options of thermic tempering was combine with aqueous declaration due to short rhythm clip, reduced exposure and flexibleness 9 .Based on diaries 6 , 7 and 8 , the optimal doping concentration of aluminum is 2at % , 5at % and 1.5at % severally. Optimal aluminum doping concentration will gives extremely semiconducting belongingss of Al-doped ZnO thin movie for application UV detector 4 . A research had done on assorted Al doping concentration and the optimal doping concentration is at 1at % Al. This research will used 1at % Al concentration based on journal 4 . Aligned ZnO nanorods that were prepared utilizin g sonication method are a simple manner and really low cost method compared to other techniques. It besides will growing high quality ZnO nanorod with a little diameter size 10 .1.2.3 Problem Statement, Scope and LimitationMost people are cognizant of the effects of UV through the painful status of tan, but the UV spectrum has many other effects whether its benefits or damaging to human wellness. besides much exposure to UV radiation can impact human wellness. UV application for optical detector used 230 nanometer to 400nm wavelength which is ultraviolet B ( UVB ) which is harmful to human tegument. Since it is harmful to human tegument, metal oxide semiconducting material movies have been considered due to its first-class chemical and physical belongingss. One of them is zinc oxide stuff. atomic number 30 oxide is non merely good in optoelectronic but besides in electrical belongingss. Zinc oxide is so will be doped with aluminum to heighten the Zn oxide thin movie belongingss b y utilizing sol-gel spin-coating method. It is of import to take the right method for fixing aligned ZnO nanorod. The range of this research is to look into the electrical belongingss ( I-V feature ) and the optical belongingss of the ZnO nanorod thin movie at different submergence clip. The restrictions of this research are on the solution readying and deposition status which are different for different groups and on the hole parametric quantity.1.2.4 Significant of the researchThe nanomaterials based detectors are raising the advantage of size decrease and enhanced functionality 12 . This research will used a simple method to fix an aligned ZnO nanorod thin movie which is sol-gel submergence method which is this method has non been reported by any research group. Furthermore it is really low-priced method.1.2.5 AimsTo fix Al-doped ZnO thin movie as seed accelerator bed.To fix aligned ZnO nanorod thin movie at different submergence clip.To manufacture aligned ZnO nanorod thin mov ie based UV photoconductive detector.To qualify fancied UV detector.1.2.6 Research QuestionsTo accomplish the aim of this research, some research inquiries would necessitate to concentrate on which areWhat is the I-V curve feature of aligned ZnO nanorod thin movies before and afterward exposing to the UV light?What is the optical and absorbance feature of aligned ZnO nanorod thin movies?How to manufacture ZnO thin movie?What is the factor impacting the nanostructure ZnO thin movie before and after exposing to the UV light?Chapter 22.1 Research Methodology2.1.1 Al doped ZnO thin moviesSol-gel spin-coating method was used to fix Al doped ZnO thin movies. The solution include Zn ethanoate dihydrate ( Zn ( CH3COO ) 2 2H2O ) as precursor, aluminum process nonahydrate ( Al ( NO3 ) 3 9H2O ) as a dopant beginning, monoethanolamine ( MEA, C2H7N14 ) as a stabilizer and 2-methoxyethanol as a dissolver were prepared. The concentration of aluminum nitrate was 1.0at % Al doping and the mill ra tio of MEA to zinc ethanoate was fixed at 1.0. At 3 hours before aged at room temperature for 24hours to give clear and homogenous solutions the solution was meetred at 80 & A deg C. The solutions were so used for deposition procedure by spin-coating technique. Substrates used were microscope on the glass substrates. At room temperature, the spin-coating was performed utilizing 10 beads of solution per deposition with a velocity of 3000rpm for 60s. The movies were preheated in atmosphere ambient at 150 & A deg C for 10 proceedingss to vaporize the firmness each clip after deposition procedure. The movies were annealed at 500 & A deg C for 1 hr in air ambient utilizing a furnace ( Protherm ) after reiterating the coating process 10 clock. The crystal construction and orientation of ZnO thin movies were investigated by X-ray diffractometer ( XRD ) . The cross-section of the movie thickness is observed by utilizing scan negatron microscope ( SEM ) . By utilizing UV-vis-NIR spe ctrophotometer, the optical belongingss of ZnO thin movies were measured in the wavelength scope from 200 nanometers to 1500nm. The electrical belongingss were measured by District of Columbia examining system 4 . write downFix the solution of Zn oxidePrecursor Zn ethanoate dehydrateStabilizer monoethanolamineDopant beginning aluminum nitrate nonahydrateSolvent 2-methoxyethanolHeat and stir the solutionTemperature 80 & A deg C metre 3hr antecedent stirring and agingTemperature room temperatureTime 24hrThin movie deposition utilizing spin-coating tech.Speed 3000rpmTime 60sTemperature room temperatureSolution 10 beads of solution per depositionThin movie dryingTemperature 150 & A deg CTime 10minRepeat 10 timesThin movie temperingTemperature 500 & A deg CTime 1hrEnd2.1.2 Aligned ZnO nanorod constructionAn aligned ZnO nanorod construction was prepared utilizing the sonicated sol-gel submergence method on a glass substrate coated with a ZnO thin movie that had been doped with 1at % Al. The sol-gel coating method was used to fix the Al-doped ZnO thin movie as a seeded accelerator that was prepared on the glass substrate. A solution was prepared of 0.1M Zn nitrate hexahydrate ( Zn ( NO3 ) 2.6H2O ) and 0.1M hexamethylenetetramine ( HMT, H2NCH2CH2OH ) in deionized H2O ( DI ) . At 50 & A deg C for 30 proceedingss utilizing an supersonic H2O bath, this solution was sonicated. The solution was so aged and stirred for 3 hours at room temperature. The sonicated and elderly solution was poured into a Schott bottle, at the underside which had been placed the horizontal Al-doped ZnO thin movie coated glass substrate. The capped bottle was so immersed in a 95 & A deg C H2O bath for 4 hours. After the submergence procedure, the sample was cleaned with DI H2O and allowed to dry in ambient air. By utilizing field advance scanning electron microscope ( FESEM ) and X-ray diffraction ( XRD ) , the ensuing ZnO nanorod construction was characterized for surface morphology and crystallinity. The optical transmission and optical density belongingss of the sample were characterized by UV-vis-NIR spectrophotometer 10 .StartFix the solution in deionized H2O0.1M Zn nitrate hexahydrate0.1M hexamethylenetetramineSonicated solution utilizing an supersonic H2O bathTemperature 50 & A deg CTime 30minSolution stirring and agingTemperature room temperatureTime 3hrPlaced the horizontal Al-doped ZnO thin movie coated glass substrate at the bottom Schott bottle. Poured sonicated and aged solutionSubmergence procedureTemperature 95 & A deg C H2O bathTime 4hrClean with DI H2O and dry in ambient airNanorod construction word pictureElectrical belongingssOptical belongingssEndChapter 33.1 DecisionThe electrical belongingss of ZnO thin movie improved when ZnO thin movie was doped with aluminum. Optimum aluminum doping concentration will gives extremely semiconducting belongingss of Al-doped ZnO thin movie for application UV detector. It is of import to happen low cos t method. The ZnO nanorods have an mean diameter of 100nm. An mean optical transmission of 78 % was observed. The electrical belongingss and optical belongingss of an aligned ZnO nanorod thin movie were affected when changing the submergence clip. High grade of crystalline, big surface inelegant handiness, a seeable wavelength transparence and high UV soaking up belongingss, this method show it s suited for UV detector application.

Heb Own Brands Analysis Essay

Rob Price was recently made vice president of bear give aways, which was the clandestine label of H-E-B. The chairman, Charles commode, had a real interest in growing the sales of the accept Brand intersection line. At the time, Own Brand correspond 19% of sales while subject brands accounted for the rest, which was opposite of 30 years ago when Charles took responsibility for the business. Charles gave Rob a goal to increase the sales of Own Brands private label by 11% in the succeeding(prenominal) five years to bring it up to a 30-70 ratio of private and national brands, respectively. The increase demanded to be across all output lines, but Rob had a specific assignment regarding the Own Brands bottled water under the label Glacia. The problem with the existing Glacia water was that it did not accurately trade itself as imported efflux water from Canada, which would increase its market share from the French imported water, Evian. There were many things for Rob to consid er as his research showed that consumers would be more likely to buy Glacia if they knew it was Canadian spring water.With the competitive grocery market at the time, especially with Wal-Marts emerging into the grocery scene, Rob needed to make a specific recommendation on how to increase its sales in context of the overall Own Brand strategy. Initially, the problem was an undetected flaw in the marketing and labeling of the product. If consumers do not take a crap something repeatedly pushed in their face, they will not likely remember it when asked. Other problems were caused by Wal-Mart and their huge ability to undercut determine of most other manacles because of their national, even international supply-chain relationships. Wal-Mart had its own brand in Great Value products but, according to the case, was not as high quality as the H-E-B Own Brand products. Great Value compared to the Hill Country Fare tier-3 generic that H-E-B put out. Rob knew that his competition was with Wal-Mart but he wasnt sure yet how to correctly make do. He wanted to accompaniment their pricing model of Every-day Low Prices but the pricing against Wal-Mart was difficult to match because of other national brands pricing positions.I think the options that Rob had to decide between were whether to place Glacia incompetition with Evian as comparable imported spring water or keep it positioned against Ozarka, which is where it was, and add the Canadian value to help boost sales through points-of-difference? One of the reasons why they should consider a direct market-comparison with Evian is because there isnt a competitor right now. Evian has far out wrongd itself among its competitors and Glacia scored equally as high in a double-blinded taste test showing that it didnt actually need to change the product, just the positioning. Own Brand could significantly increase the pricing to be more related to the pricing of Evian. This would remove Glacia off the shelf next to Ozarka a nd next to Evian. This could possibly allow Own Brands to create a Hill Country Fare product to compete with Ozarka. However, Evian was a good premium national brand brought in money for procurement taxation. If the new Glacia began beating out Evian in sales and profit, Evian could pull its product from the H-E-B stores and then they would lose the procurement revenue derived from a national brand.National brands also help bring in consumers who end up buying other Own Brand products in the store. This was a decision bases for the entire Own Brand product line. The options of pricing, promotions, positioning, and the overall corporate strategy were all involved in this first decision regarding Glacia. According to Butts target goal to Rob shortly after he became VP, only 30% of a stores products should be their own, with a 70% mix of national brands. If Rob decided to simply elevate the existing position of the Glacia against Ozarka to increase their market share, they could grow sales and not have to compete with the national brands. I think this would be effective considering the low cost of refining their label and less hassle in re-configuring pricing and moving the product closer to Evian.A third possibility was to reposition Glacia as domestic spring water, which is what Ozarka was. I dont see the logic behind this because they were already a direct competitor with Ozarka and their only point-of-difference was the source of their water. Why would they go through all the effort and cost of relabeling, promoting, and re-launching to get more of the same? If I were in Robs position, I would re-launch Glacia to be a somewhat generic competitor to Evian and create a Hill Country Fare product with purified water to be placed just below Ozarka. Evian needs some competition and according to their profit data in Table B, Glacia could increase their priceand profit significantly without changing the product, only the labeling.Also, Evian users indicated preferen ce for the Canadian water over France. If Evian users began to prefer Glacia water instead, and thats what H-E-B stores carried, what would be the downside if Evian at long last pulled their product out of H-E-B stores? It wouldnt be in demand anymore, so the loss would be some procurement revenue, but the profits off the increase price of Glacia would seem to overcompensate for that.

Human Security Essay

The term aims at bringing the important issue of gentle beings shelter to the forefront. It focuses on the pressing call for to understand the ideal of human cosmos protective cover, and to develop the proposals for translating these ideas into policy practice. An attempt has been made to clarify and correlate the end points human development and human warranter department. The interrelation of freedom from fear and motive is discussed and the coherence between the two has been achieved successfully. The agent has emphasised on the fact that to enable a real keel in policy making, serious effort needs to be made to operationalize the term merciful Security.Human bail workers need to develop a holistic and human centered ethos. They need to maintain the military spirits of sacrifice, heroism, discipline, but combined with civilian spirit of individual responsibility, empathy as well as grammatical gender awareness. The holistic development of human security worker mak es them capable of carrying out both(prenominal) protection-from-fear and protection-from-want tasks. The article tries to highlight the attractions of human security as a mental image slip and bridging apprehension, as well as converse attempts to appropriate and restrict its usage.The article tries to trace the different usages of conception of Human Security. The holistic and innovative concept of Human Security leads to vague and utopian ideas that need great efforts to operationalize. Proponents of human security urgently need to demonstrate that operationalization is possible and necessary. The key strategies for strengthening human security were identified as strengthening legal norms and building capacity to enforce them. Human Security at inaugurate sits in the middle of tug-of-war. It is incomplete irrelevant to power holders nor has been successfully co-opted by them.The interrelation of poverty and violence used to distil Human Security is complex and under-resea rched. From Roman quantify security was univers totallyy understood as pertaining to individuals. Attempts were made to reorient thinking about security as Human Security. In the post cold era the term suddenly began to feature as globular security and comprehensive security. Amartya Sen proposed that Human Security is concerned with downside risks that threaten human survival. The focus on freedom from want has a transformatory effect on freedom from fear.This article has traced different usages of concept of Human Security and argues that the concept has withstood attempts at compartmentalization and instrumentalization. Its greatest capableness continues to lie in its bridging and image shifting properties. It emphasises human security to be indivisible. It debates on the tension between foreign policymaking and ethical considerations. Another one being poverty breeds violence and tackling poverty will also tackle violence. The article discusses necessary connections with wid er policy shifts.It draws a sketch of the Ideal Human Security worker of the future. Adoption of Human Security concept as Canadian-Norwegian approach, joined by nine other nations and then adopted by Japan marked the identification of the importance of this concept. The debate typically centres on narrowing down violence rather than poverty in order to come out with an operational concept that can guide policy. Human Security is also a bridging concept and it should be malleable enough to be used by diverse parties, turn robust enough to keep sufficient shared meanings across this range of users.It should span between ideals, life situations and actions. The adoption of Human security as both a holistic and a normative concept will definitely lead to practical consequences. Critical Analysis Internal Analysis The article discusses the bridging and shifting properties of Human Security Concept. It has made an excellent effort to trace the different usages of concept of human secu rity. The work done by the author is commendable . She has cool the information related to the meaning of human security and its usage from Roman times through the span of the present time.She has taken into consideration security of all types physical and material. The different concepts of security and its shaping up into present day concept of human security. She has laid special emphasis on the urgent need for the operationalisation of human security. She has not just discussed the need for operationalisation but has also provided excellent ways to instrumentalise and operationalise human security concept. She has tried to both materialise and personify the concept of human security. By discussing both the malleable and robust nature of human security concept that makes the text effective .The writing and explanation style of the author includes active alert and comprehensive analysis of the term Human Security. She has tried to touch every aspect that surrounds and affects Hum an Security directly or indirectly. The article has clearly described the role of Human security worker that combines both military spirit and civilian responsibility and empathy. The detailed explaination of the role of Human security worker tries to present a very accurate and live sketch of Human security worker. This refreshes the reader with motivation and enthusiasm to operationalise the concept of human security worker.It presents the very possibility of the operationalisation and functionality of Human security. Weakness The article ahs discussed the concept of human security very comprehensively , yet the inter-relation of poverty and violence use to express human security remains complex and under researched. The weakness of analysis lies in the vague idea development of poverty and violence. It seems to be a condemnable circle rather than a focused approach to resolve th problem. External analysis Dr. Glasiuss research concerns both the theory and practice of global civi l society and its relationship to international law, particularly human rights law. ( Glasius )This article on human security also witnesses the research or comprehensive believe conducted by the author. The collection of information as evident from the article that restricts the term human security from the initial stage of security in Roman Times to the present concept of Human Security approves the writing style of the author. The author is a research officer ,which is also reflected by her comprehensive writing style. Her present research focuses on economic and social rights , human security and social forums .In the given article she has elaborated upon the urgent need to operationalise the concept of Human Security. She has also described the role of a Human Security Worker for effective functonalisation of the concept. The idea conveyed through the article is operationalisation of the theory to practice that reflects the originality and urge to restore the society.Clarity and Coherence of the Arguements- The author has tried his best to achieve clarity and coherence of the arguments. The evidence being the discussion of various usages of the concept of Human Security . he has discussed each usage of the concept with clarity and focus on the era when the terms were prevalent . She has attempted to clarify the inter-relation of Human Development and Human Security and their impact on each other. She has clearly and explicitly described the role of human security worker. The coherence of the arguments can be viewed beginning from paradigm shifting and bridging aspect of Human Security leading to holistic development of human security worker. Through this the author has very coherently explained the realisation of the final goal of operationalisation of human security .Relevance of the Arguments The author argues through the medium of the article that the different usage of concept of Human security has withstood attempts at mixture and operationalis ation. This is quite relevant because with understanding of the term Human security grew an awareness to operationalise this concept. Also paradigm shifting and bridging has further helped in the functional realisation of human security concept and thus the need for training Human security workers. Thus the gist of the article is perfectly relevant so as to define the role of human security worker for its operationalisation.

Hydraulics and Hydrology Lec

48362 HYDRAULICS and HYDROLOGY James E Ball Hydrology Component win enlarge 1 CONTACTS ? Assoc Prof James Ball ? ? ? james. emailprotected edu. au ph 9514 2623 Office Hours ? ? Monday 200 400pm Contact by email for appointment SUBJECT model The objective of this component of the subject is ? Introduce engineering hydrology ? Introduce hydrological processes ? Introduce flood estimation and ? Introduce engineering hydrology applications in water resources management. 2 SUBJECT CONCEPT This introduction is aimed at ? Providing an ability to apply commonly used methods in hydrology and ?Provide an understanding of the theory behind these methods. REFERENCES Three references that may be useful are ? Applied Hydrology Chow, Maidment & Mays, McGraw-Hill Book Co. ? Hydrology An Australian Introduction Ladson, Oxford University Press ? Australian Rainfall & Runoff A Guide to Flood Estimation Engineers Australia No published Course Notes are available for this subject. 3 SUBJECT DO CUMENTS UTS-Online will be used for distribution of ? Copies of lecture slides ? Reading material and ? Tutorial problems. Students should tincture that additional reference books may be noted in the lecture slides.LECTURE STRUCTURE Each Hydrology lecture period will comprise ? 2 moment lecture and ? 1 hour tutorial. It is expected that students will have accessed the lecture slides, reading material and tutorials prior to the lecture period. 4 SUBJECT TIMETABLE Date effect 27 February Hydrology and Water Resources 5 March Meteorology 12 March Hydrologic Data 19 March Surface Water 27 March wedge Runoff 2 April Hydrologic bod 9 April Design Rainfall 1 May Peak Flow Estimation 7 May Hydrograph Estimation come apart 1 13 May Hydrograph Estimation Part 2 14 May Environmental Flows 21 May Water Sensitive Urban Design 4 JuneCourse Review HYDROLOGIC beat Lecture 1 5 CONTENT ? Introduction to Hydrology ? Development of Hydrology ? Hydrologic Cycle ? Australian Hydrology INTRODUCTI ON 6 DEFINITION OF HYDROLOGY classical word Hydor = water & ology = study of Hydraulics comes from Greek word hydraulikos which in turn comes from hydor (Greek for water) and aulos (meaning pipe). DEFINITION OF HYDROLOGY UNESCO (1979)1 defines hydrology as the physical science which treats the waters of the Earth, their Occurrence, Circulation and Distribution, their Chemical and carnal Properties, and their Reaction with the Environment. UNESCO, (1979), Impact of urbanisation and industrialisation on water resources planning and management, Studies and Reports in Hydrology, UNESCO, UNESCO, Paris. 7 piddle Water is essential for maintenance of life. aboriginal civilisations were concentrated on rivers ? ? establishment of settlements near rivers analogous to looking for signs of water on Mars Management of water is multi-disciplinary many professions are involved. WATER variety of problems encountered include ? Flood mitigation ? Sanitary sewer systems ? Land drainage ? Water S upply ? Culvert and bridge design ? Environmental Flows ? Erosion ?Mine tailings ? drought ? Adaptation to climate change ? Irrigation systems ? Hydro-electric and power generation ? Stormwater systems 8 RURAL FLOODING URBAN FLOODS 9 STORMWATER STRUCTURES STORMWATER DRAINS 10 WATER SUPPLY HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER 11 IRRIGATION SCHEMES DROUGHT 12 DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROLOGY Ancient civilisations were integrated with their river valleys. Examples are ? ? ? ? ? Egyptian Civilisations and the Nile Valley Mesopotamian Civilisations and the TigrisEuphrates Indian Civilisations and the Indus Valley Ancient China and the Yellow River Andean Civilisations and coastal Peru DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROLOGYMany of structures from early civilisations are still in operation. Large scale irrigation and drainage works were associated with these civilisations. Earliest recorded dam is about 2900BC (the Sadd Al-Kafara at Wadi Al-Garawi, 25km southern of Cairo) apply for both flood protection and irrigation. Also site of earliest known dam failure. 13 DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROLOGY Oldest surviving dam in the creation is the Grand Anicut Dam on the Kaveri River in Southern India. This structue dates back to 2nd Century AD. DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROLOGY Water supply to Ancient Rome has been estimated as being approx 500L/c/d.Current water supply requirements are ? ? ? Australian cities, design approx. 430L/c/d Australian cities, actual approx. 230L/c/d US cities, design approx 600L/c/d Drainage structures (such as the Cloaca Maxima) from Ancient Rome are still being used today. 14 ANCIENT ROMANS Cloaca maxima Bath, UK AQUEDUCTS Pont du Gard, France c19 BC Hampi, India beginning(a) century AD 15 DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROLOGY Flood protection has been practiced for thousands of years along the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers. It mud an issue of concern in these demesnes to the real day. DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROLOGY Water has been of interest for many years.Ancient Greek and Roman philosophers speculated on a h ydrologic cycle Homer, Plato, Aristotle, Lucretius, Seneca, Pliny. This cycle was developed from their observations of water in their environment. Use of observations remains a fundamental component of current hydrologic applications and research. 16 DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROLOGY Chinese recorded observations of rain ? ? ? An-yang oracle bones as early as 1ccBC Used rain gauges around 1000BC and Established systematic records about 200BC. Indian records date back to 400BC. DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROLOGY Scientific culture of hydrology occurred uring the Renaissance period. Examples are ? ? ? Leonardo da Vinci velocity distributions in streams. Bernard Palissy springs originated from pelting. Pierre Perrault runoff is a fraction of rainwater. 17 DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROLOGY Other contributions during this period were made by ? ? ? ? ? Galileo spick-and-spanton Bernoulli Euler Lagrange DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROLOGY world-shaking scientific development occurred in the 19th Century when ? ? ? ? ? D alton proposed the principle of evaporation. Hagen-Poiseuille described capillary flow. Mulvaney developed the Rational method. Darcy described mathematically porous media low. Rippl developed methods for ascertain storage requirements. 18 DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROLOGY 20th Century saw rapid development of quantitative hydrology. Biggest influence during this period was the development of the digital computer and the development of catchment modelling systems. Limitation now is data availability rather than calculation capacity. HYDROLOGIC CYCLE 19 HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE One of the fundamental cycles of nature. Basis for the science of hydrology. weighty points ? ? ? ? Cycle has no start and no end. Cycle is continuous. Flow of water in the cycle is not continuous.Water moves erratically through the cycle. HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE 20 HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE 21 HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE General components of the cycle are ? Atmospheric Water ? Surface Water ? Ground Wate r In analysis of water resource problems, these components are treated with a systems approach. 22 SYSTEMS CONCEPT A systems concept is applied when considering the hydrological cycle or some component thereof. This is reconciled with the reductionist concept used in many engineering problems. SYSTEMS CONCEPT The reductionist philosophy is based on reducing the system to a scrap of smaller omponents. The response of the system then is determined from summation of the responses of the individual components. 23 SYSTEMS CONCEPT WATER BALANCE 24 WATER BALANCE sum total of water does not change. Where it may be found does change. Water maybe found in the seas and oceans, in the atmosphere, on the surface, below the surface, and in biological systems. WATER BALANCE ITEM nauticals gelid Ice Groundwater Lakes Soil Moisture Atmospheric Water Rivers Biological Water ?Water VOLUME (km3) % TOTAL WATER 1. 338 x 109 96. 5 24. 0 x 106 1. 7 23. 4 x 106 1. 69 187. 9 x 103 0. 0138 16. 5 x 103 0 . 0012 12. 9 x 103 . 001 2. 1 x 103 0. 0002 1. 1 x 103 0. 0001 1. 386 x 109 100. 0 UNESCO, 1978 ref 11, ladson ch1 25 WATER BALANCE Not all water is invigoratedwater. Only approx 2. 5% of the water is fresh water water in the oceans and some lake water and ground water is saline. Considering only fresh water, the values in the previous table are modify to WATER BALANCE UNESCO, 1978 ITEM VOLUME (km3) % TOTAL WATER Polar Ice 24. 0 x 106 68. 6 Groundwater 23. 4 x 106 30. 1 103 0. 26 Soil Moisture 16. 5 x 103 0. 05 Atmospheric Water 103 0. 04 Rivers 2. 1 x 103 0. 006 Biological Water 1. 1 x 103 0. 003 Fresh Water 35. 0 x 106 00. 0 Lakes 187. 9 x 12. 9 x 26 WATER BALANCE Basis of any volume based problem is a water balance. This is a usage of the concept of continuity. In general, application of continuity gives in volume terms Inflow Outflow = Change in store (? S) And in flux terms Qi Qo = ? S / ? t WATER BALANCE Components of inflow for a water body such as a lake or reservoir are ? Precipitation (P) ? Inflow from rivers or groundwater (I) 27 WATER BALANCE Components of outflow for a water body such as a lake or reservoir are ? Evapo-transpiration (ET) ? Outflows Extractions, Downstream flows, (O) and ? Seepage (G)WATER BALANCE Hence the water balance for a water body is P + I O ET G = ? S 28 WATER FLOWS While the volume of water in a source is important, the flux of water through a component is important also. An indication of the flux can be obtained from the diagram of the hydrological cycle. WATER FLOWS The Global yearbook Water Balance is shown on in units congener to the annual volume of precipitation on land masses. Note that this is a flow rate (km3/yr). 29 WATER FLOWS ? Precipitation ? ? ? ? Land 119,000 km3/yr (800mm/yr) maritime 458,000 km3/yr (1270mm/yr) bring 577,000 km3/yr Evaporation ? ? ?Land 72,000 km3/yr (484mm/yr) Ocean 505,000 km3/yr (one hundred forty0mm/yr) Total 577,000 km3/yr WATER FLOWS ? Runoff to Oceans ? ? ? Rive rs 44,700 km3/yr Groundwater 2,200 km3/yr Total Runoff 47,000 km3/yr (316mm/yr) 30 WATER FLOWS Considering the volume and flux gives the mean residence clocks in a particular source. The mean residence time for atmospheric water is obtained by dividing the volume (S) of water in the atmosphere by the flux (Q), ie TR ? S 12,900 ? ? 0. 022 yr ? 8. 2days Q 577,000 WATER FLOWS ITEM Oceans Polar Ice & Glaciers Groundwater Lakes Soil Moisture Rivers Atmosphere Biological WaterTR 2600 years 1100 years 700 years 13 years 155 days 13 days 8. 2 days 3. 4 days 31 AUSTRALIAN CLIMATE AUSTRALIAN CLIMATE of droughts and flooding rains 32 RIVER RUNOFF Australia has low runoff per unit nation (average depth of surface runoff). Also, Australian runoff has greater variability due to lack of snow melt period. RAINFALL COMPARISON Variability of Annual rain 20 18 Coefficient (%) 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 A ustralia S. A frica Germany France NZ India UK Canada China the States Russia Country 33 AUSTRALI AN CLIMATE CLIMATE CLASSIFICATIONS Marked wet summer and dry winter of northern Australia.Wet summer and low winter rainfall of southeast QLD and northeast NSW. Uniform rainfall in southeast Australia. Wet winter and dry summer of southwest WA and parts of the southeast. Arid area comprising about half of the continent More on BoM website 34 AUSTRALIAN RAINFALL Pluviometer Network Daily Read Network PRECIPITATION 35 AUSTRALIAN RAINFALL City bonnie Annual Rainfall (mm) Average Number of Rain Days Darwin 1714 111 Sydney 1217 138 Brisbane 1149 122 Perth 786 114 Melbourne 653 147 Canberra 623 105 Hobart 569 135 Adelaide 530 121 Alice Springs 279 31 later on Ladson, 2008 AUSTRALIAN CONDITIONSAustralian rainfall is influenced by general circulation patterns. Most of Australia is around 30o latitude which tend to be areas of descending air. Note that the solar equator moves during the year. 36 AUST. CLIMATE variability Known major causes Approximate time scale Effect Synoptic weather patterns Day / week Weather Southern Annular Mode Weeks +ve point = winter rainfall deficiencies in southern Australia summer increases in MDB El Nino / La Nina (Southern Oscillation Index) Inter-annual El nino = lower rainfalls La nina = higher rainfalls Indian Ocean Dipole Inter-annual ve phase = increased rainfall +ve phase = decreased rainfall Inter-decadal Pacific Oscillation Inter-decadal Flip flops between drier and wetter periods e. g. 1st half of 20th century wetter than 2nd half The Australian climate influences http//www. bom. gov. au/watl/about-weather-and-climate/australian-climate-influences. html 37 The Australian climate influences The Australian climate topography 38 Seasonal rainfall variation across the country Seasonal rainfall variation across the country Mean rainfall Katherine mm Mean rainfall Dubbo mm 240 220 200 180 one hundred sixty 140 120 100 80 60 40 0 0 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 J F M A M J J A S O N J D F Mean rainfall Alice Springs mm M A M J A S O N D Mean rainfall Sydney mm 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 J 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O S O N N D Mean rainfall Perth mm Mean rainfall Strahan mm 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Perth wind rose February J F M A M J J A D Rainfall variability a comparison Annual rainfall Birdsville mm 600 400 200 2000 1980 1960Annual rainfall Bourke mm Annual rainfall Perth 1940 1920 1900 0 mm 1000 1400 1200 800 1000 600 800 600 400 400 200 200 1980 1960 1940 1920 1900 1980 1960 1940 1920 1900 1880 1880 0 0 39 NSW annual rainfall time-series New South Wales Annual Rainfall 1000 900 Dry Period 1900 1946 Average Rainfall 477. 7mm *Dry conditions commenced 1890 Standard Deviation 90. 4 Wet Period 1947 2000 Average Rainfall 573. 9mm 20. 1% increase Standard Deviation 127. 0 800 New Dry 2001/06 439. 5mm 23. 4% d ecline Rainfall (mm) 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 Year 40

Mice and Men Belonging Extract Essay

The idea of belonging in the novel Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck, relates to the theory of attachment in psychology. For most human beings, having a central place they can return to, ideally with loved ones or appurtenant friends present also, contributes towards their feelings of calm, relaxation and security. Such a place would ideally be one which provides safety,shelter,food, warmth, affection and earning capacity. Not all those elements are always present some(a)times it is enough to live in an RV or trailer park, as long as family or the other things are present.Some nomadic race are happy to pack up and take most things with them as long as they get to support they are happy. However, George and Lennie only have apiece other and sometimes thats even a liability whatever attachments they had in youth are gone and that leaves them adrift in a hostile, occasional world. That is why they yearn for centredness or the security of a place of their own.The answer to this q uestion lies in the character named Candy in Of Mice and Men. An old, disabled ranch baseball glove who is unable to stop the killing of his old friend and dog, Candy realizes that he soon will outlive his usefulness and, perhaps, go the way of his old dog. But, when he hears of Lennie and Georges dream of owning a ranch and a house, he is sweetly hopeful, offering his savings to the men. For, with part ownership, he would not fear isolation and poverty, or abandonment. From owning land, too, there is a sense of pride.The itinerant men of the Great Depression belong nowhere, they had nothing and lived in fear of losing a profession, for they could not survive without every money. There is a constant stress put on these men who must few the next man as a threat to his job or security. But, if one has a place of his own, he must answer to no one else. In the early part of the novel, George explains the position of these men in the world Guys like us, that make up on ranches, are th e loneliest guys in the world. They got no family.They dont belong no place, They come to a ranch an work up a stake and then they go into town and blow their stake, and the first thing you know theyre pounding their tail so some other ranch. They aint got nothing to look ahead to. I would think that one of the most powerful lessons of Steinbecks work is the idea that individuals have to possess a sense of belonging. Part of this is definitely physical. When individuals have to wander from life to life, different form of physicality to different form of physicality, their ability to break out understand themselves and others becomes impacted.There has to be some notion of grounding at some point and level where individuals can feel comfortable enough to rally it home or know that this is where I belong. Despite lacking this, Lenny and George do a fairly good job of providing the belonging to one another. Certainly, Lenny sees George as essential to his conception of belonging. Ye t, George does envision Lenny as a part of his own conception of belonging, a vision that appears in Georges dreams and whose faintest touch can be matt-up in the relationship they both share.

Business Model of Nike Essay

IntroductionNike Inc. was founded in 1962 by Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight as a partnership under the name, Blue Ribbon Sports. Nikes main proceedss be sports plaza, sportswear, sports goods. In this paper, we will talk about The scrap of Entrepreneurship Competitive Business Model Solid Strategic intent Feasibility Analysis and Business Plan. All of these topics argon very important when we study the EOE and SBM, and in each topic have more than atomic number 53 point. We got The Benefits of Entrepreneurship Competition of The Ch eitherenge of Entrepreneurship Core Competencies Innovations sustainable Competitive Advantage Key Success Factor of CBM Vision and Mission Objectives and Goals SWOT Competitor Business strategy of Solid Strategic Plan intentness and Market Feasibility Product or Service Feasibility Financial Feasibility and 5Forces Model of Feasibility Analysis. Now, we argon going to show you the detail.The Challenge of EntrepreneurshipThe Benefits of Entrepreneur shipSurveys show that give birthers of small businesses believe they work harder, earn more m iy, and are more satisfied than if they worked for someone else. (Via Dr. Jos A. Torres Essentials of Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management Powerpoint) Opportunity to constrain Your Own Destiny. Nike, originally know as Blue Ribbon Sports (BRS), was founded by University of Oregon track athlete Philip Knight and his coach Bill Bowerman in January 1964. The alliance initially operated as a distributor for Japanese shoe ramp upr Onitsuka Tiger(now ASICS), making most sales at track meets out of Knights automobile. According to Otis Davis, a student athlete whom Bower man coached at the University of Oregon, who later went on to win two gold medals at the 1960 spend Olympics, Bower man made the first pair of Nike shoes for him, contradicting a claim that they were made for Phil Knight. Says Davis, I told Tom Brokaw that I was the first. I wear outt care what all the billionaires say. Bill Bower man made the first pair of shoes for me. People dont believe me. In fact, I didnt care the way they felt on my feet. thither was no support and they were too tight. But I saw Bower man conveythem from the waffle iron, and they were mine. (Via HTTP//en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Nike,_Inc.)Opportunity to Make a Difference. In 1979, Nike Air cushion technology Air, by the inventor of the m. Frank Rudy patented, first applied on the Tailwind running shoes, the gas film in running shoes soles for the protection of the cushion. And Nike has created many print and television advertisements with Wieden+ Kennedy, Wieden+ Kennedy remains Nikes primary ad self-assurance. It was agency co-founder Dan Wieden who coined the now-famous slogan Just Do It for a 1988 Nike ad political campaign, which was chosen by Advertising Age as one of the top five ad slogans of the twentieth century and enshrined in the Smithsonian Institution. Walt Stack was featured in Nikes first Just Do It adve rtisement, which debuted on July 1, 1988. Wieden credits the inspiration for the slogan to Lets do it, the last words spoken by Gary Gilmore before he was executed. Throughout the 1980s, Nike expanded its crossway line to encompass many sports and regions through and throughout the world.16 In 1990, Nike moved into its eight- expression World Headquarters campus in Beaverton, Oregon. (Via HTTP//en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Nike,_Inc.)Opportunity to Real Improve profits. In 2005, Nike Air Jordan 20 generations. Nike Free series, to a fault in protecting the foot, worry barefoot training is provided for the wearer. Nike as of May 31, total annual profits had 13.7 billion dollars, a 12% growth in the past fiscal year. On December 19, 2013, Nike Incs quarterly profit rose as a result of global orders for merchandise for delivery by April increased 13 percent. prox orders of shoes or clothes for delivery between December and April, rose to $10.4 billion. Nike get bys (NKE) rose 0.6 percent to $78.75 in extended trading. (Via HTTP//en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Nike,_Inc.)Opportunity to Contribute to Society and Be Recognized for Your Efforts. NIKE Charity Organization, is a Non-G everywherenmental Organization Headquartered in PORT HARCOURT RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA. It is autonomous and submissive to the laws of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. They are determined to achieve our dreams and purpose of grownup hope to the less privilege and to discharge our duties as members of non-profit brass instrument in accordance to our corevalues at National, State and Local G all overnment levels. We are prepared to harness, strengthen and efficiently direct our efforts as much as we are out to join hands with other organizations, and individuals in the fight against the female child Child Abuse. (Via HTTP//saccharinity.com/about_us.php)CompetitionNIKE is a consumer products company and the relative favoriteity of various sports and fitness activities and changing design trends affect the demand for our products. The athletic footwear, apparel, and equipment industry is highly agonistic in the United States and on a worldwide basis. We make do inter subject arealy with a signifi discharget number of athletic and vacuous footwear companies, athletic and leisure apparel companies, sports equipment companies, and large companies having diversified lines of athletic and leisure footwear, apparel, and equipment. We also compete with other companies for the ware capacity of independent manufacturers that produce our products and for import quota capacity.Our competitors product offerings, technologies, merchandise expenditures (including expenditures for advertising and endorsements), pricing, costs of production, and customer service are areas of intense competition. This, in addition to rapid changes in technology and consumer preferences in the markets for athletic and leisure footwear and apparel, and athletic equipment, constitute significant risk factors in our operations. If we do non adequately and timely anticipate and respond to our competitors, our costs may increase or the consumer demand for our products may decline significantly. (Via Nike-2013-form-10K)Designing a Competitive Business ModelCore CompetenciesNikes quality , technology and betray is famous . Nikes Air cushion technology is almost victimization in either basketball shoes ,its good for athletes foot . the Nike having its own core competence due to organizations own skills and core competence it has taken a competitive advantage and now is taking a large market share. The core competence of Nike is to specialize in athletes foot wear and other sports items. As we know every organization has its R & D department .The R &D department of Nike is recreateing a vital role because of its varietys in foot wear how theconsumers can recover comfort by wearing their shoes and the quality thats the most important factor to be given in shoes and they have unlike categ ories of shoes which is running shoes nick jarfuls, Jordan, and other types that is targeting different type of consumers having different perceptions.But most important thing of Nike is they dont make shoes they design and then give their design to the production companies in Korea and china or Vietnam. Due to which they are more specialized in their designing and in this way they have made their core competence in making innovative design of athlete shoes.InnovationsNike believe his search and development efforts are a key factor in nis conquest .NIKE strives to produce products that help to reduce injury , enhance athletic performance and maximize comfort triumph . (Via Nike 2013 Annual Report) Nike also find many expert in chemistry, exercise physiology, engineering, industrial design, sustainability and related fields ask they advices to fixed Nikes shoes and vesture . Nikes air cushion shock absorption technology is famous in the basketball shoes area .Nikes Brand shoes like LBJ , Kobe and KD has many color and types .Sustainable Competitive AdvantageExternal Analysis Nikes brand awareness is famous all over the world ,everyone purchasing shoes first chose is Nike . Nike sponsored the top athletes and gained valuable coverage. , like Jordan , LeBron James , .From the Nikes 2013 annual report will find that Nike growing up every geezerhood . Nike has many competitors , like Adidas , Puma , Reebok and so on , but Nikes market share is more than any other . Internal Analysis As we know ,Nikes product is quality , Nikes has own R&D center to creative spick-and-spanfangled technology ,like air cushion shock absorber technology ,environmental technology and so on .Its basic technology to Nikes product .Nike always find many creative thing to impersonate in Nikes product ,like knitting technology in his shoes .Thats awesome . Nike has employed creative marketing and advertisement platforms in building brand awareness and equity of its diversified pr oducts. For instance, the company uses Tiger Woods a skilled golfer to build its line of golf products.It further employs professionals in various departments that include distribution, marketing, finance,product management, research and design, information technology, and product development so as to sensitize the market of its diversified products Nike also operates an internship program every summer lasting for three months giving students an insight on the diverse brands. Other avenues Nike accomplishes diversification strategy is through mergers, joint ventures, takeovers, and acquisitions. The company also has an R&D unit called the innovation kitchen located in the main parent company in Oregon, to enable it to continue producing unique products such as the soften system in shoes.Key Success FactorJordan Brand Jordan brand is a big part of the Nike. Jordans shoes is general in all over the world .Jordan shoes occupy the USA 10.8% market share in 2009 .Jordan shoes sales al most two times of Adidas . (Via http//sports.sina.com.cn/k/2009-09-12/16084584096.shtml)So Jordan brand is a key success factors of Nike .) Jordan brand is popular in young people , every young people want a Jordans shoes its beautiful and comfortable .Especially Jordans air cushion technology , using in every basketball shoes . Technology In addition to Nikes own staff of specialists in the areas of biomechanics ,chemistry , exercise physiology, engineering , industrial design, sustainability ,and related fields , we also utilize research committees and advisory boards made up of athletes , coaches, trainers , equipment managers , orthopedists , Podiatrists , and other experts who consult with us and review designs , Materials , concepts for product and manufacturing process improvements and compliance with product safety regulations around the world . (Nike Annual Report ) Advertisement Advertisements play a significant role in the athletic apparel industry, as consumers rely on catalogues and online advertisements .Nike has many endorsers ,like Jordan ,James ,Durant and so on. These guys bring many customers .Nike has online store ,you can buy many things in this store ,before new product star sales ,youll get an e-mail about this product .Nikes advertisement not only online but also in everywhere .Its very amazing Adidas Adidas is a very famous company ,its very popular in world too .But in these years, Adidass market in decrease very fast .Because Adidass endorsers did not famous than Nikes endorses .Adidass endorses including Yao Ming ,A.I ,D.Rose and so on .But they hurt or retied .Adidassquality and technology is also well known .But Adidas lost because the endorses . New brace New Balance (I will call New Balance as NB for short ) is known as a most comfortable shoes .They has many new technology ,such as BIOSHIELD ,ABZORB EX ,REVAX ,ENCAP ,and so on .And NB is popular in young people ,you will find many young people wear NB in the street .ITs a hu ge market to NB.Building a Solid Strategic PlanIts a significant part of a successful business. It keeps the company to where they oriented, to meet their mission, terminuss and objectives, and lead it on the right way. A Strategy plan is to build a competitive advantage. It involved Vision and Mission Statement, also Objectives and Goals, SWOT Analysis, Competition Analysis and Formulate Strategies. We are going to find out what does Nike different from others, why it is unique, and what it has that others dont. I am about to use Five Forces Model to analyze the competitive advantages for Nike.Vision, Mission, Goal and ObjectiveNikes vision is To bring inspiration and innovation to every athlete in the world. The legendary University of Oregon track and field coach, and Nike co-founder, Bill Bowerman said, If you have a body, you are an athlete.. Its their mission. (Via http//help-en-us.nike.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/113/p/3897) Their goal is to become and keep the number one sp ortswear brand all over the world. Their objective is keep shoot down the manufacturing cost and keep their bell down then they can occupied the market in some less developed countries who can become the economically dependent in the industry. (Via http//wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_objectives_of_Nike_company)SWOT Analysis.Strengths As one of the Fortune 500 company, Nike has numerous strengths. It is positioned at being the number one sportswear brand globally, it Offers their products worldwide, it has a very strong marketing campaign that increases brand familiarity, and it has no factories, it uses OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) to get the work done. It has contracts with above 700 shops globally in about 45 different countries. it also has offices in these different countries. It has chains of sell stores likeNiketown so that it can sell there. Its famous Swoosh is instantly recognizable, and Phil Knight even has it tattooed on his ankle. Weaknesses The organizatio n does have a diversified enjoin of sports products. However, the income of the business is still heavily dependent upon its share of the footwear market. This may leave it vulnerable if for any reason its market share erodes. The retail welkin is very price sensitive. Nike does have its own retailer in Nike Town. However, most of its income is derived from selling into retailers. Retailers tend to offer a very similar experience to the consumer. mess you tell one sports retailer from another? So margins tend to get squeezed as retailers try to pass some of the low price competition compact onto Nike.Opportunities Product development offers Nike many opportunities. The brand is fiercely defended by its owners whom truly believe that Nike is not a fashion brand. However, like it or not, consumers that wear Nike product do not always buy it to participate in sport. Some would argue that in youth culture especially, Nike is a fashion brand. This creates its own opportunities, since product could become unfashionable before it wears out i.e. consumers need to replace shoes. There is also the opportunity to develop products such as sport wear, sunglasses and jewelry. such(prenominal) high value items do tend to have associated with them, high profits. The business could also be developed internationally, building upon its strong global brand recognition. There are many markets that have the disposable income to spend on high value sports goods. For example, emerging markets such as China and India have a new richer generation of consumers.There are also global marketing events that can be utilized to support the brand such as the World cupful (soccer) and The Olympics. Threats Nike is exposed to the international nature of trade. It buys and sells in different currencies and so costs and margins are not stable over long periods of time. Such an exposure could hatch that Nike may be manufacturing and/or selling at a loss. This is an issue that faces all global brands. The market for sports shoes and garments is very competitive. The model developed by Phil Knight in his Stamford Business School days (high value branded product manufactured at a low cost) is now commonly utilise and to an extent is no longer a basis for sustainable competitive advantage.Competitors are developing alternative brands to take away Nikes market share. As discussed above in weaknesses, the retail sector is becoming price competitive. Thisultimately means that consumers are shopping around for a better deal. So if one store charges a price for a pair of sports shoes, the consumer could go to the store along the street to compare prices for the exactly the same item, and buy the cheaper of the two. Such consumer price sensitivity is a potential external threat to Nike. (Via Nike 2013 Annual Report,http//www.quality-assurance-solutions.com/swot-analysis-nike.html, http//www.ukessays.com/essays/marketing/account-management-provides-special-treatment-in-marketing- administration-marketing-essay.php http//www.marketingteacher.com/swot/nike-swot.html)Analyze the Competition. Nike has some competitive Direct competitors- Adidas, New Balance and Li Ning. They offer the product that Nike does, and all of these companies have different key success factors. Adidas, is the most competitor od Nike with do doubt, they compete with Nike for No.1 sportswear branding for over 40 years But in these years, Adidass market in decrease very fast .Because Adidass endorsers did not famous than Nikes endorses .Adidass endorses including Yao Ming ,A.I ,Derrick Rose and so on .But they hurt or retied .Adidass quality and technology is also well known .But Adidas lost because the endorses New Balance is known as a most comfortable shoes .They has many new technology ,such as BIOSHIELD ,ABZORB EX ,REVAX ,ENCAP ,and so on .And New Balance is popular in young people ,you will find many young people wear New Balance in the street .ITs a huge market to New Balance Some S ignificant competitors like Under Armour and Skechers, they offer similar products like apparel or footwear, they compete with Nike in some fields. Some Indirect competitors like The North Face or Columbia, both of them are the most of the famous outdoor brand, they offer parka or accessories that Nike does. They have impacts to Nike in some mutual markets. Conclusion Nike does perfectly in quality and endorsement, they almost gestural all significant players and teams all over the world. Adidas has no most strength but all factors are averaged. New Balance does best in technology, it can makes sneakers more comfortable. (New Balance has never signed any endorsers since it founded, so its score is little bit lower)Cost leadership.Nike uses Business Simulation Strategy. It has no factories, it uses OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) to get the work done, and it doesnt has stores mostly. It offers products to Franchised retailers, and let them sell the products. It salve money fr om factories and rent, so its overhead is low. No shop, no labors,. quantity of materials, low too. If a supplier increases costs, Nike can easily change a new one with lower cost, Nike can do this because of its ability. Nike definitely has low cost access to factors of production. The enormity of Nike in respect to their suppliers gives them a huge advantage in production negotiations. Due to their high volumes for products, the cut-throat low cost nature of selecting a manufacturer, and coupled with the fact that Nikes suppliers depend so heavily on them for their own success that they have little to no bargaining room toward raising prices, allows Nike to continuously enjoy low costs of production.Nikes hardware and software technology implementations of using the not only using the best materials but creating them in a vertical fashion and housing an innovation culture from the top down, allow Nike a first move advantage into cost savings. However most of these advances only br ing definite savings for a short time due to competitive parity within the industry, their creative nature definitely does benefit over the long run. Nike reduced costs by cutting some of its endorsements. Company research suggested the endorsement by the Italian soccer team, was not achieving the desired result. Michael Jordan, LeBron James, Kobe Bryant and a few other endorsers were retained while some other like Italian soccer team, were eliminated, to saving over $100 million. Nike does incredible in cost control. (Nike 2013 Annual Report)Differentiation.Differentiation strategy by Nike is used to gain market share advantage in the broad foot ware market. Aside from foot wear, the company boasts of products such as clothing, equipment, and even accessories. The strategy is achieved by producing consumer goods and services that customers perceive to be of high quality or have added unique features. This has been achieved by the company innovating state of the art athletic shoes that are publicized through dramatic guerrilla marketing. Marketing of the different products is designed to coerce customers that Nikes shoes are not only superior but also a high fashion statement which is a necessary part of a lifestyle basedon athletic or sporting interests.The company has also differentiated itself by using highflyers that are best used in distinguishing sporting disciplines hence enabling the company reach its target market, for instance, the Brazilian national soccer team or even Michael Jordan. Also, Nike is different from others in their Ads. They show not only their technology but also leading endorsers like Michael Jordan, LeBron James, Kobe Bryant and Cristiano Ronaldo in their Ads of new products. At the same time, their Ads are also very creative and with imagination, make people who watched them unforgettable. (Via Nike 2013 Annual Report) Focus.