Biography of Fred Hampton, Black Panther Party Leader

Life story of Fred Hampton, Black Panther Party Leader Fred Hampton (August 30, 1948â€December 4, 1969) was an extremist for the NAACP and the Black Panther Party. At age 21, Hampton was lethally shot close by a kindred dissident during a law requirement strike. Activists and the more extensive dark network considered the passings of these men out of line, and their families at last got a settlement originating from a common claim. Today, Hampton is broadly recognized as a saint for the reason for dark freedom. Quick Facts: Fred Hampton Known For: Black Panther Party lobbyist who was in a law requirement raidBorn: August 30, 1948 in Summit, Illinois.Parents: Francis Allen Hampton and Iberia HamptonDied: December 4, 1969 in Chicago, IllinoisEducation: YMCA Community College, Triton CollegeChildren: Fred Hampton Jr.Notable Quote: â€Å"We consistently state operating at a profit Panther Party they can would anything they like to us. We probably won't be back. I may be in prison. I may be anywhere. But when I leave, you’ll recollect that I stated, with the final words all the rage, that I am a progressive. Early Years Fred Hampton was conceived on August 30, 1948 in Summit, Illinois. His folks, Francis Allen Hampton and Iberia Hampton, were Louisiana locals who migrated to Chicago. As a young, Fred exceeded expectations in sports and longed for playing baseball for the New York Yankees. In any case, he likewise exceeded expectations in the study hall. Hampton at last went to Triton College, where he considered pre-law in order to help ethnic minorities retaliate against police severity. As a teenager, Hampton got associated with social equality by driving a nearby NAACP youth committee. He assisted with developing the chambers enrollment to in excess of 500 individuals. Activism operating at a profit Panther Party Hampton had accomplishment with the NAACP, yet the radicalism of the Black Panther Party impacted him much more. The BPP had effectively propelled a free breakfast program to take care of kids in various urban areas. The gathering likewise upheld for self-preservation as opposed to peacefulness and took a worldwide point of view on the dark opportunity battle, discovering motivation in Maoism. A talented speaker and coordinator, Hampton immediately traveled through the positions of the BPP. He turned into the pioneer of Chicago’s BPP branch, at that point the chairmain of the Illinois BPP, lastly the representative seat of the national BPP. He occupied with grassroots activism, functioning as a coordinator, a peacemaker, and participating in the BPP’s free breakfast program and people’s clinical facility. A COINTELPRO Target From the 1950s until the 1970s, the FBI’s Counterintelligence Program (COINTELPRO) directed pioneers of dissident associations like Fred Hampton. The program served to sabotage, penetrate, and spread falsehood (frequently through extrajudicial methods) about political gatherings and the activists who had a place with them. COINTELPRO focused on social equality pioneers, for example, the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. just as radical gatherings like the Black Panther Party, the American Indian Movement, and the Young Lords. As Hampton’s impact operating at a profit Panthers developed, the FBI started to concentrate on his exercises, opening a document on him in 1967. The FBI enrolled a man named William ONeal to penetrate and undermine the Black Panthers Party. ONeal, who had been recently captured for vehicle robbery and mimicking a government official, consented to the assignment in light of the fact that the administrative organization vowed to drop the lawful offense allegations against him. O’Neal immediately accessed Hampton by turning out to be the two his guardian and a security chief in Hampton’s Black Panther Party section. As a Black Panther Party pioneer, Hampton convinced Chicago’s dark and Puerto Rican road packs to call a détente. He likewise worked with white-commanded bunches like Students for a Democratic Society and the Weather Underground. He called the multiracial gatherings he worked together with his Rainbow Coalition. Following FBI chief J. Edgar Hoover’s orders, O’Neal fixed quite a bit of Hampton’s work to encourage harmony in the network, driving network individuals to lose trust in the BPP. Fred Hampton's Killing Planting strife in the network wasn’t the main way O’Neal endeavor to sabotage Hampton. He likewise assumed an immediate job in his murdering. On December 3, 1969, O’Neal covertly medicated Hampton by placing a dozing pill into his beverage. Without further ado thereafter, law authorization specialists started an early morning assault on Hampton’s loft. In spite of not having a warrant for weapons charges, they entered the condo with firearms discharging. They mortally injured Mark Clark, who was guarding Hampton. Hampton and his fiancee, Deborah Johnson (likewise called Akua Njeri), were snoozing in their room. They had been injured yet endure the gunfire. At the point when an official understood that Hampton hadn’t been murdered, he continued to shoot the extremist twice in the head. Johnson, who was anticipating a youngster with Hampton, was not slaughtered. The other seven Black Panthers present in the condo were accused of a few genuine wrongdoings, including endeavored murder, furnished viciousness, and numerous weapons charges. In any case, when a Department of Justice examination uncovered that Chicago Police had started up to 99 shots, and the Panthers had just discharged once, the charges were dropped. Activists believed the murdering of Hampton to be a death. At the point when the FBI’s Pennsylvania field office was broken into not long after, the COINTELPRO records discovered incorporated a story plan of Hampton’s loft and reports that referenced concealing the FBI’s part in Hampton’s slaughtering. Claim and Settlement The relatives of Fred Hampton and Mark Clark sued the Chicago Police, Cook County, and the FBI for $47.7 million out of 1970 for unjustly slaughtering the men. That case was tossed out, yet another case occurred in 1979 after authorities inferred that the law requirement offices included had discouraged equity and would not hand over applicable desk work identified with the killings. After three years, the groups of Hampton and Clark discovered that they would get a $1.85 million settlement from the nearby and government organizations liable for the men’s passings. Despite the fact that that whole was far not as much as what they’d looked for, the settlement was an affirmation, to some extent, of bad behavior. Had the Chicago Police not murdered Fred Hampton, he would have been named head of staff of the Black Panther Partys focal board, making him a key representative for the gathering. Hampton never got that chance, yet he has not been overlooked. Not long after his passing, the BPP recorded an examination of his loft, which police didn't shut off. The recording caught is found in the 1971 narrative â€Å"The Murder of Fred Hampton.† An expected 5,000 grievers went up to Hampton’s memorial service, during which the lobbyist was recollected by social equality pioneers such the Rev. Jesse Jackson and Ralph Abernathy. Although activists Roy Wilkins and Ramsey Clark described Hampton’s slaughtering as unjustified, none of the officials or authorities associated with the strike were sentenced for bad behavior. Heritage Various journalists, rappers, and artists have alluded to Fred Hampton in their compositions or verses. The gathering Rage Against the Machine broadly specifies the extremist in its 1996 hit â€Å"Down Rodeo,† in which frontman Zack de la Rocha proclaims, â€Å"They ain’t going to send us campin’ as they did my man Fred Hampton.† In the city of Chicago, December 4 is â€Å"Fred Hampton Day.† An open pool in Maywood, Illinois, where Hampton grew up, bears his name. A bust of Hampton sits outside the Fred Hampton Family Aquatic Center. Hampton, as other political activists, appeared to be definitely mindful that his work would place his life in risk. Nonetheless, while he was alive, he communicated trust in his own heritage: â€Å"We consistently state operating at a profit Panther Party that they can would anything they like to us. We probably won't be back. I may be in prison. I may be anyplace. In any case, when I leave, you’ll recall that I stated, with the final words all the rage, that I am a progressive. What's more, you’re must continue saying that. You’re must state that I am a working class, I am the people.† Sources Ballesteros, Carlos. â€Å"Black Panther symbol Fred Hampton’s childhood home confronting foreclosure.† Chicago Sun-Times, 16 October, 2018.â€Å"Fred Hampton.† National Archives, 15 December, 2016. Silva, Christianna. â€Å"Who Was Fred Hampton, the Black Panther Shot and Killed by Chicago Police 48 Years Ago?† Newsweek, 4 December, 2017.â€Å"Watch: The Assassination of Fred Hampton: How the FBI and Chicago Police Murdered a Black Panther.† Democracy Now! 4 December, 2014.

Scheduling Management in Tunnel Construction Projects Literature review

Planning Management in Tunnel Construction Projects - Literature survey Example 45). Planning the board Scheduling the executives is imperative to any extend in light of the fact that it involves supportive methods pertinent while overseeing exercises engaged with ventures. Directors work on planning the board before firing up an undertaking, which includes. Calling attention to the undertaking that intrigues an individual, assessing the all out period that the errand will take, and dispersing assets expected to play out that task, at long last settling on when the assignment will initiate. In the parade of a venture, checking is significant as it guarantees that planning the board predicts the eventual fate of a task. A compelling booking the board encourages the venture manager to find out that a task is inside the normal cost, time and certain guidelines of value (Kerzner, 2009, p. 47). Planning the executives procedures There are two sorts of booking the board strategies applied in ventures so as to improve productivity. These strategies incorporate the Mile stone graph and the Gantt diagram. In ventures, Milestone outline is extremely basic as it distinguishes crucial occasions that happen during the usage of an undertaking, it for the most part reflects basic issues in a task, which without controlling on time will prompt deferrals in a venture. Achievement diagram is truly sensible about cutoff times as it involves establishment of hardware, changes in another framework, consummation of frameworks and document discussions. In any case, Gantt diagrams happen either in a flat bar shape or as a line outline and it shows the exercises that the venture involves written in the left hand side of the graph. What's more, it contains the time size of a venture demonstrated at either the top or base of the diagram, a line drawn indicating the project’s assessed period and a different line demonstrating the conditions among the undertaking exercises and the time utilized (Kerzner 2009). As indicated by the development business, Gantt outl ine speaks to a logical technique for the board that encourages people to separate the procedures engaged with ventures. This diagram isolates an entire undertaking into unmistakable assignment, techniques for playing out the errands, cost and time spend on the undertaking, lastly it screens the whole venture (Kerzner 2009). Steps for better booking administration In request to think of an effective venture, it is significant for venture administrators to watch the accompanying planning the board steps. Right off the bat, chiefs should actualize an extension letter involving the cost of an undertaking, which will be of advantage while haggling for venture plan. Furthermore, they should make a worksheet and contrast it and the one gave by the contractual worker of the task; chiefs ought to likewise make notes demonstrating the beginning date of a venture and when it will end. Administrators ought to guarantee that they reevaluate for rationale issues in their work before they continu e since mistakes coming about because of rationale prompts poor ventures. The venture calendar ought to incorporate separate individual hours designated for each errand so as to make it itemized and composed. The supervisor should complete asset stacking to guarantee equivalent allotment of assets and errands inside a given time. Afterward, he/she ought to decide the absolute assets attractive in playing out the venture

How Ginkgo Biloba Affects Memory and Stroke Risk

How Ginkgo Biloba Affects Memory and Stroke Risk Holistic Health Print How Ginkgo Biloba Affects Memory and Stroke Risk By Mark Stibich, PhD  Mark Stibich, PhD, FIDSA, is a behavior change expert with experience helping individuals make lasting lifestyle improvements. Learn about our editorial policy Mark Stibich, PhD Updated on February 04, 2020 Thomas J Peterson/Getty Images More in Self-Improvement Holistic Health Happiness Meditation Stress Management Spirituality Inspiration Brain Health Technology Relationships View All Ginkgo biloba is one of the most popular supplements used around the world. Also known as the maidenhair tree, it is widely popular for improving memory and preventing cognitive problems such as dementia. However, researchers are finding out ginkgo biloba may not be as effective as once thought. Whats more, it may increase the risk of a dangerous, yet common medical condition. The Research Researchers enrolled 118 people over age 85 with no memory or other cognitive problems in a study, published in 2008 in the journal Neurology, to find out the impact of ginkgo biloba on memory and dementia. Half of the people took a ginkgo biloba supplement three times a day, and the other half took a placebo. Researchers followed up with them for three years. Over the course of the study, 21 people developed mild memory problems; 14 of those people were taking the placebo, and seven were taking to ginkgo extract. But its not all good news for ginkgo. The difference between the ginkgo and placebo groups was not statistically significant. In other words, the fact that the placebo group had more cases of memory problems could have been just random change. The Reality During the aforementioned study participants were found to not having taken the proper dosage of the supplements. When the people who were not taking their ginkgo biloba three times daily were removed from the analysis, the remaining ginkgo biloba takers had 68% less risk of developing mild memory problems over three years. This would seem like a significant lowering of risk, however, the studies findings also revealed an uptick in risk. Stroke Risk The group taking the ginkgo biloba extract properly had more strokes and mini-strokes than the placebo group. Researchers concluded that more research needs to be done to better understand the benefits and risks of ginkgo biloba and brain health. In a recent review of studies related to Ginkgo biloba supplementation, Ginkgo biloba was found to show improvement of cognitive function, activities of daily living, and global clinical assessment in patients with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimers disease. However, because many studies are limited in sample size, some findings were inconsistent and the methodological quality of included trials was shoddy, more research is warranted to confirm the effectiveness and safety of ginkgo biloba in treating mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimers disease. Bottom Line Right now, it doesn’t seem like a good idea. There could be something to the claims that ginkgo biloba can improve memory (or at least slow memory decline), but the evidence isn’t strong enough, and the possible increase in stroke risk is just too high. There are also multiple forms of ginkgo biloba in the marketplace. Until researchers figure out which forms are harmful and in what dosage, it seems best to stay away. Instead of looking for a pill, consider these mental fitness techniques to keep your brain sharp.

The Military Commander Of Galactica Essay - 1129 Words

One of my favorite quotes pertains to the current state of police is from an early episode of Battle Star Galactica; the military commander of Galactica (William Adama) is in a discuss with the President of the Twelve Colonies (Laura Roslin) about her wish to use the remaining military force as a police force. Adama states â€Å"There s a reason you separate military and the police. One fights the enemies of the state, the other serves and protects the people. When the military becomes both, then the enemies of the state tend to become the people.† (Finke, 2014) I. Introduction The police of any democratic society are faced with an inescapable dilemma by their profession: Their role in the society requires that they competently balance the legal authority they have been bestowed by the public (government) with their responsibility to protect public safety as a whole while protecting individual rights. Police officers are a visible figure of government authority. They have been granted the power to stop, detain, question, arrest, and when required the use deadly force, at the same time being conscious to the wishes of the public. Police officers are required to carry out complex tasks while respecting important legal and constitutional protections. There have been times when law enforcement(police) has been required to enforce unpopular laws while attempting to foster or maintain public support. How much force the police uses to balance these concerns often determinesShow MoreRelatedTelevision as an Agent of Socialization1013 Words   |  5 Pagesquite e asily by their actions and titles in the program. The president is a man and all of his advisors are men. In one scene where the president was entering a facility he was accompanied by four men and one woman. All of the secret service, military, security and police officers are men. There is a scene where there is a busy airplane control center and seven people are working and only one is a woman. In an additional scene where the president is sitting with his top officials and all four

Liberation Theology And The Cultural Destruction Of Third...

Born as a protest and uprising against the oppression and cultural destruction of third world countries, liberation theology is a method of Catholic teaching in which people are liberated from their oppressors. Liberation theology’s roots stem in Latin America, where there was need for salvation and redemption of the faith. The 1960s were a time of worldwide human development, and even the Roman Catholic Church was involved. Without liberation theology, the church would have never seen a need for change and reformation. Liberation theology applies modern happenings to the religious world, and offers solutions for these modern problems. During the 15th century, Spanish and Portuguese conquistadors came to the Americas with the mission of dominating and evangelizing the land in the name of their home countries. When the European churches came to America they wanted to spread the faith, however in doing so they took away the faith and cultures of the Native Amerindians that were living there from the start. By the 20th century, it was clear that the people native to the Americas needed salvation from the corrupt political and social systems they were living in. Forced into oppression by the political leaders of Latin America, the majority of people in these countries were used and exploited in order for the upper class to benefit and make money off of them. Spanish and Portuguese conquerors viewed themselves as people who were selected by God to spread the faith. â€Å"JusShow MoreRelatedWater Scarcity Is An Environmental Problem That Reaches1446 Words   |  6 Pagesglobe. This lack of water is called the World Wat er Crisis. In the U.S, people are privileged enough to be able to use clean water for many things. 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The Image of Fool in King Lear from Page to Sage Free Essays

The Fool – from text to screen. The concept of a fool in Shakespearean plays is nearly as popular as the very figure of a fool used to be in Middle Ages at royal courts and some private households of aristocrats. The characters that could be described as fools appear in Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night (Feste) and As You Like It (Touchstone). We will write a custom essay sample on The Image of Fool in King Lear: from Page to Sage or any similar topic only for you Order Now And there is of course the most famous of the fools, named simply The Fool in Shakespeare’s King Lear – the one with reference to whom this essay is created. A fool, according to Encyclop? ia Britannica was a person, often retarded, handicapped, dwarfed or mad, kept on court for luck and amusement of his patron. Due to his questionable mental abilities he was given license to mock persons of nobility, even the king himself. The origins of his function are sought for in the tribal scapegoat, who served as a sacrifice alternative for the king. Probably for that reason he was endowed with some attributes prescribed to a king such as a bauble (mock scepter) and a motley coat. His entertaining function was marked by other attributes in his possession such as a coxcomb, bells and a horny or ass-eared hood. All those gadgets, apart from arousing amusement, served one more purpose – they made a jester stand out from all the other individuals. Even though some critics tend to perceive the Fool in King Lear as a character crucial to understanding of the play and the significance of particular characters, others are more inclined to categorize him as one of the minor characters. At some stage of King Lear’s development the figure of the Fool was even altogether removed from the play, which may constitute some indication of how different were the attitudes towards the importance of his presence in the play within the course of time. As far as transposition of the text of the play into the film script is concerned, it is particularly worth noticing that cinematic space juxtaposed to theatrical space shows some vital dissimilarities, among which are different attitude of a producer towards presumable reactions of the audience, the supremacy of the camera’s angle over spectator’s inclination to see what takes their fancy and the possibility of creating more articulate spatial setting. Also G. Wilson Knight considers the screening of any play an outstandingly challenging quest and warns against two main failures that may occur in the production. The first one may be described as mechanical failure, when the director is trying to put the main emphasis on the melodrama, into which the play is turned, while the second one is described by the author as ‘the would-be ‘symbolical’ production’, in which some significant enigmatic and sometimes supernatural values are blurred or not displayed at all. He reports to have heard Juliet’s potion speech, which he found, by the cause of a thunder introduced arbitrarily by the scriptwriter, utterly disturbed and demolished. He expressed a conviction, that Shakespeare would have arranged a thunder in that place, if that had been what he had intended to. Knight argues also that ‘the sounds – words and additional effects – are (.. ) given’ and all that a director or a screenwriter or particular actors are expected to do is to pour life into them and arrange a proper setting for them. So much for the possible area of scrutiny as far as some comparison between the text and the screen versions is put to question. Of course some temporal or verbal ellipses are inevitable as they are undeniably a part of producer’s license, as well as a kind of a landmark in every screen production, though the vital parts of the play should not be omitted in order to preserve the original character of the artwork. Having still some features of the analysed productions left to scrutinize, the focus may be put on the extratextual and non-verbal factors such as the costumes, the age of the actors playing Fools, their sex, the overall attitude towards the outer world as well as their demeanour towards other characters in the play that is not strictly implied by the original text. Some leaps in text as far as they are not dictated by thrift in time of production may also prove indicatory for the moulding of the character of the Fool. If the text strays slightly from the original, this might also constitute an evidence of some deliberate interference within the character’s creation. Questions has been long posed what might be the actual age of the Fool. Maggie Williams is one of the advocates of the thesis that he ought to be presented as a young boy, which she justifies by Lear’s frequently addressing him as ‘boy’ and also by his vulnerability to poor weather conditions during the tempest, his fear at the sight of Edgar disguised as Poor Tom as well as his extraordinary attachment to Cordelia which proved itself in his pining after her departure . Williams’ conviction, though not isolated, is not entirely shared by some circles of literary critics and a number of producers, who tend to bestow the role of the Fool to more experienced and aged actors. Such is the case with both productions: King Lear, directed by Jonathan Miller released in 1982 and King Lear, directed by Trevor Nunn released in 2008. The character of the Fool is played in both of them by middle-aged actors: in Miller’s film it is Frank Middlemass born in 1919 and in Nunn’s film it is Sylvester McCoy born in 1943. Both actors were at their 60s at the time of each film being shot. In actuality the fool could not have been intended as a child (due to his frequent bawdy innuendos and banters), neither could he be equated to an old man, as it seems, but actually some screen versions of a play managed to picture him as one quite successfully. What can be inferred from the very text of the play is the fact that the Fool was the closest companion of the King. The evidence of that could be the fact of Lear’s desperate need for the Fool’s company, when he asks his servants to summon him four times in the act I scene 4 intermittently amid occupying himself with other affairs (interviewing Kent, then Oswald, then a Knight and at the end Oswald again), although, as he claims, he haven’t seen him for two days, which is not an extraordinarily long period of time. He also accompanies King from then on in every venture even in the worst conditions of the tempest until the end of act III scene 6, when he mysteriously disappears. Moreover, the text makes it evident, that the King and the Fool are in close intimacy, the indication of which is Lear’s constant addressing Fool as ‘my boy’, ‘lad’, ‘my pretty knave’ as also this line of his spoken during the storm: ‘Poor fool and knave, I have one part in my heart/ That’s sorry yet for thee. ’(3. 2. 70-71). Another clue derived from the text pertains to the Fool’s mental disposition. He is probably neither mad nor retarded in any way, which is marked by Kent’s words: ‘This is not altogether fool, my Lord’ after Fool had made it clear to the King that he had no more titles left but this of a fool. Also Gonerill seems not to underestimate Fool’s power in his actions taken against her in his many quips. She calls him ‘more knave than fool’ (I. 4. 269), which may imply that she lets him know that she can see through his witticisms and reveal his real intentions which basically come to dissuading King from trusting his daughters. This and other functions in the play, such as comforting Lear and presaging him from superfluous faith and expectations put in his daughters with aid of ‘folk-wisdom’ are ascribed to the Fool by S. L. Goldberg, who highlights also Fool’s passivity in the course of action and his pathos expressed by his loyalty and heightened feelings, being the spur of his actions. But Goldberg foreworns from over‘sentimentalizing’ Fool, as he is also ‘clear-eyed’ and knows that ‘facts and ideals are always and always will be at odds’, which he tries to express in his wry witticisms, for which Lear calls him a ‘bitter fool’ (I. 4. 119). His figure can be also perceived as a relic of ancient Greek chorus, commenting on other characters and the plot, but presumably his main function comes down to making exertions to entertain the king, or ,as Kent calls it in some moment of the play, ‘to out-jest his heart-struck injuries’. Some of these functions were amplified in particular cinematic productions and others were diminished or even expunged. This is to be analysed with reference to the abovementioned cinematic productions. Apparently in Miller’s King Lear the character of the Fool is more accentuated than in the other production. He is a kind of an old fellow, loyal to his master, who cares for his fate and is not able to come to terms with his fatal misstep of giving away his royal authority and his land to his ungrateful daughters and even worse error of disinheriting and repelling Cordelia. He acts as though he had a strong feeling of responsibility for the king and his providence and as he was striving for something more than just a mere profession of court jester. All his behaviour gives the impression that he assumes the pose of a fool solely in order to remain beside the king regardless the changeable circumstances. Being a court jester allows him to reproach the king, sometimes in extremely harsh words, which make the king look like an idiot. However, what is worth highlighting is the fact that he never does it to impress the king’s escort and other surrounding him people, but he addresses the king directly as though he was his personal counsellor. His own jokes do not amuse him, what can be easily deduced from the fact of his ability of assuming a grave facial expression almost instantly after making some jests and fooling about. Perchance this alongside with uttering some statements unpleasant to king’s ears earns him an opinion of a ‘bitter fool’, as Lear calls him (I. 4. 119). Given this one may come to a conclusion that he forces himself to play the role of the fool as this seems to be the only way to rebuke the king and talk him through to common sense without falling out of favour as Kant did after speaking the words of truth to his seigneur. The case is utterly different with another Fool – the one played by Sylvester McCoy in Nunn’s film. He is by no means a sedate adviser caged in the uncomfortable disguise of a fool. He is a ‘fool-blooded’ fool, who actually enjoys his position on the court and aspires for nothing more. His confidentiality with the king is verily striking, especially when the spectators see him sitting in Lear’s lap, patting his face, sleeking his hair or kissing him in a childlike manner. If the title ‘nuncle’ customarily used by court jesters in addressing the king sounds derisively spoken by Middlemass’ Fool, the same word articulated by McCoy sounds as though a child was addressing his real uncle. His jovial and at times childish behaviour contrasts with his bawdy innuendos and gestures. Unlike Middlemass’ Fool, he enjoys being the life and soul of a party, entertaining king’s escort and jesting with them. He is fond of making fool of himself, playing the spoons using them as castanets, singing and cheering others up. Moreover, he is not eager to put himself at risk. As he speaks to Goneril, he quiets himself down in order not to utter an offence. Also the last words, that Fool was meant to speak about Goneril at her court and within her presence were cut out. So were many other lines originally spoken by the Fool. This omission sometimes results in Fool’s appearing to be talking nonsense. Passing over Fool’s lines may also have another effect: the Fool appears in the whole play as a character of secondary importance, whose only purpose is to entertain the king and his comrades. And he does it, deriving pleasure from it. As it has been illustrated, the approaches towards the Fool in literary critique and cinematography were numerous and sundry, some of them conventional and others more innovative, but definitely each one of them bore some intrinsic artistic values, which cannot be fully apprehended without scrupulous scrutiny, which couldn’t have been contained within the volume of these few pages. Nevertheless the character of the Fool in two analysed above productions was given a closer insight. Two actors performing the role of the Fool in collaboration with the directors of each production created two different images of this figure. One of them was an image of a wise old man, whose role of a king’s personal adviser and tutor required a disguise of a court jester; a ‘bitter fool’, whose witticisms were wry, acute, sardonical, but whose exertions were aimed at only one goal – to save the king: from ill-advised decisions, from madness, from despair. The other one was a full-blooded fool, whose fondness of playing for laughs and entertaining others was tangible and whose, sometimes shocking, intimacy with the king could be explained only by mental impairment. This proved that the creation of a character is not entirely and solely dependent on the source text of a play, but is largely affected by the artistic vision and the license of a producer as well as by the original and individual skills of an actor. Works cited: 1. Davies Anthony, Filming Shakespeare’s Plays. The Adaptations of Laurence Olivier, Orson Wells, Peter Brook and Akira Kurosawa, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, New York, Oakleigh 1994. 2. Encyclop? dia Britannica Online, s. v. â€Å"fool†, accessed May 27, 2012,http://www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/212748/fool. 3. Goldberg S. L. , An Essay on King Lear, Cambridge University Press, London, New York 1974. 4. King Lear, DVD, directed by Jonathan Miller (1982; British Broadcasting Corporation, Time-Life Television Productions) 5. King Lear, DVD, directed by Trevor Nunn (2008; Richard Price TV Associates Ltd. 6. Knight G. Wilson, Shakespearean Production with Especial Reference to the Tragedies, Faber and Faber LTD, London 1964. 7. Shakespeare William, The Tragedy of King Lear, Halio Jay L. ed. , Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, New York, Oakleigh 1997. 8. Williams, Maggie. Shakespeare Examinations. Ed. William Taylor Thom, M. A. Boston: Ginn and Co. , 1888. Shakespeare Online. 10 Aug. 2010. (27. 05. 2012) h ttp://www. shakespeare-online. com/plays/kinglear/examq/meightaes. html . Sara Wilczynska ——————————————– 1 ]. See for example: Williams, Maggie. Shakespeare Examinations. Ed. William Taylor Thom, M. A. Boston: Ginn and Co. , 1888. Shakespeare Online. 10 Aug. 2010. (27. 05. 2012) . [ 2 ]. See for example: Goldberg S. L. , An Essay on King Lear, Cambridge University Press, London, New York 1974, pp. 84-92. [ 3 ]. i. e. in Nahum Tate’s amended version of King Lear from 1681; see: Introduction to: Shakespeare William, The Tragedy of King Lear, Halio Jay L. ed. , Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, New York, Oakleigh 1997, p. 36. [ 4 ]. See: Davies Anthony, Filming Shakespeare’s Plays. The Adaptations of Laurence Olivier, Orson Wells, Peter Brook and Akira Kurosawa, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, New York, Oakleigh 1994, p. 8. [ 5 ]. Ibidem. [ 6 ]. Knight G. Wilson, Shakespearean Production with Especial Reference to the Tragedies, Faber and Faber LTD, London 1964, p. 47. [ 7 ]. Ibidem, p. 54. [ 8 ]. Ibidem, p. 48. [ 9 ]. Op. cit. Williams, Maggie. Shakespeare Examinations†¦ [ 10 ]. See: Shakespeare William, The Tragedy of King Lear: ‘Where’s my knave? my fool? Go you and call my fool hither’ (I. 4. 38); ‘Where’s my fool’ (I. 4. 42); ‘But where’s my fool? ’ (I,4. 60-61); ‘Go you, call hither my fool’ (I. 4. 66) [ 11 ]. Op. cit. Goldberg S. L. , An Essay on King Lear†¦ , pp 90-91. [ 12 ]. Ibidem, p. 90. [ 13 ]. Ibidem. [ 14 ]. Ibidem. [ 15 ]. It becomes particularly visible when the Fool says to the king: ‘If thou wert my fool, nuncle, I’d have thee beaten for being old before thy time. ’. When Lear asks for the explanation, Fool replies: ‘Thou shouldst not have been old till thou hadst been wise’ (I. 5. 33-36) [ 16 ]. As in the case when he complains at being whipped for holding his ‘peace’ (meaning being silent in contradistinction to telling truth or telling lies as his earlier words suggest), speaking which he reaches to his crotch, as if he was peeing . [ 17 ]. The words that spoken by the Fool could have enraged Goneril were such: ‘A fox, when one has caught her,/ And such a daughter,/ Should sure to the slaughter,/ If my cap can buy a halter’ – McCoy’s Fool does not speak these words, as he probably is intended by the director as a harmless and joyful character. [ 18 ]. Like when he says : ‘All that follow their noses are led by their eyes but blind men, and there’s not a nose among twenty but can smell him that’s stinking’ (2. 4. 63-65) as an explanation for why Kent should be put in the stocks for asking for the reason of King’s escort being so diminished. The rest of the lines from this speech is simply left out, so that it may look like the Fool was talking poppycock. The same situation occurs a while earlier when Fool declares with a blank stare: ‘Winter’s not gone yet, if the wild geese fly that way’ (2. 4. 43). Similarly the rest of the lines is left out. How to cite The Image of Fool in King Lear: from Page to Sage, Essay examples

Review of Related Literature About Inventory System free essay sample

The review of the literature for this study focuses on creating computerize inventory system for Cavite State University Marketing Main Campus. In order to create we need to find some helpfull resources about the study. Related Literature Janes (2001) stated that computers are extremely reliable device and very powerful calculators with some great accessories applications like word processing problem for all of business activities, regardless of size, computers have three advantages over other type of office equipment that process information because computer are faster, more accurate more economical.Reyes (2005) task would be time consuming to accomplish manually and more practical with the aid of computers field in cabinet. Dioso (2001) stated that computer assist careful intelligent planning, organizing, actuating and controlling . This maybe observed from the past that they monitor production activities, solve scientific problem and help arrive in tentative answer to a multitude of involve conditions. Ralph M.Stair (1999) emphasized that the development of technology through the years have enabled us to do more with less effort. We will write a custom essay sample on Review of Related Literature About Inventory System or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page From the orientation of the light bulb to the industrial revolution and beyond, we have continuously tried to in a more efficient means of doing tasks. Lewis (2002) stated that the reason for using computers vary from person to person. Some of the computers in business are to perform accuracy, to be as productivity, to decrease bottle necks or hassles to alter cash flows or to simples elevate your status. Sybex Inc (1999) stated that visual basic provide a graphical environment in which the users usually designed the forms and control that become the building block of tour application . Visual Basic support many useful tools that will help the user more productivity. Gold Chager et al (2003) said that computer as a device for processing information knew computer plays a significant role in their lives, but few are aware of just how pervasive role is.Gurewich (1999) stated that the database system makes the work faster for every institution. For the mere fact that instead of doing things manually, with the use of computer technology everything is done fasters. Huntchinson et. al (2001) stated that file is a collection of related records. Examples are the entire student’s courses card for Anthropology 101 or the transcript of all courses in the register’s office. 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The data may be about people, product events in short, any type of information is to manage the collection of data for reporting and making decision.Adamski(2007) give some advantages of database processing first economy of scale getting more information from some amount of data, sharing data balancing conflicting requirement, enforcement of standard, controlled redundancy consisting integrity security ,flexibility and responsiveness ,increase programmers productivity, improve program maintenance and data independence Alcaria (2004) explained that the use of computer are continue to grow, the need for a more timely information and data processing comes on demand keeping the records of any manual operations need the application of computer because handling it manually will only be conflicting. Kroenke (2002) in the early 1970’s database processing was considered an esoteric subject of interest only to the longest corporation with the largest computer. Today, database processing is becoming an information system standard. Ahitud et. al (2007) Mentioned that information system are more collection of hardware, software and people. They should be constructed to fit the organization’s strategy and structure so that it could easily be adapted to the information they needed.Asumbra (2002) Access to information is the best way to. In line with technology access to information within fingertips is the easier way to be equipped in the future. Hammer (2003) Said that computer could eliminate the need for copying and rearranging information, which was entered into system. They also perform mathematical computation; in short computer can eliminate most of the paper works. Microsoft Corporation (2002) Explained that computer network are collection of computer and intelligent peripheral equipment that are inter connected by telephone lines, micro wave relays and other high-speed communication links of the purpose of exchanging data and sharing equipment. Related Studies